Tree biomechanics

2017 ◽  
pp. 449-477
Keyword(s):  
Tree Biomechanics

Sinuous stem growth in a Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantation: growth patterns and wood-quality effects

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Spicer ◽  
B L Gartner ◽  
R L Darbyshire
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Internode Length ◽  
Tree Biomechanics

Stem sinuosity is thought to negatively impact wood quality, but no studies have characterized its vertical and radial effects on wood properties. Here we study wood quality along the entire stem in 25-year-old plantation-grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees (32 trees total) that had been scored for sinuosity at age 12. We also study compression wood formation in the radial direction for one internode that had been scored for sinuosity at age 12 and subsequently produced 13 more annual rings. Trees with highly sinuous leaders at age 12 were more likely to be sinuous in other years, and developed more slope of grain defect (approximately 15% log volume) than less sinuous trees, but did not differ in the size of the pith-containing core. Leaders originally scored as highly sinuous developed more compression wood than control trees but only near the pith. Internode length did not differ among sinuosity classes. The size of the pith deviations (radial distance from centreline) remained constant up the stem despite a decline in internode length. However, the frequency of pith deviations was highest at 10-15 years, when internode length reached a peak. The relationship between temporal patterns of growth rate, sinuosity, and tree biomechanics deserves further attention.

scholarly journals Tree Biomechanics Literature Review: Dynamics

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth James ◽  
Gregory Dahle ◽  
Jason Grabosky ◽  
Brian Kane ◽  
Andreas Detter
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Tree Biomechanics ◽  
Dynamic Methods ◽  
Tree Models ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Simple Tree

Tree biomechanics studies using dynamic methods of analysis are reviewed. The emphasis in this review is on the biomechanics of open-grown trees typically found in urban areas, rather than trees in forests or plantations. The distinction is not based on species but on their form, because open-grown trees usually grow with considerable branch mass and the dynamic response in winds may be different to other tree forms. Methods of dynamic analysis applied to trees are reviewed. Simple tree models have been developed to understand tree dynamic responses, but these largely ignore the dynamics of branches. More complex models and finite element analyses are developing a multimodal approach to represent the dynamics of branches on trees. Results indicate that material properties play only a limited role in tree dynamics and it is the form and morphology of the tree and branches that can influence the dynamics of trees.

Tree Biomechanics and Growth Strategies in the Context of Forest Functional Ecology

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Fournier ◽  
Bruno Moulia ◽  
Alexia Stokes ◽  
Catherine Coutand ◽  
Thierry Fourcaud
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Tree Biomechanics

Tree Biomechanics and Growth Strategies in the Context of Forest Functional Ecology

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Fournier ◽  
Bruno Moulia ◽  
Alexia Stokes ◽  
Catherine Coutand ◽  
Thierry Fourcaud
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Tree Biomechanics

SIMPLE MATHEMATICAL APPROACHES TO TREE BIOMECHANICS

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mattheck ◽  
K. Bethge
Keyword(s):  
Tree Biomechanics

scholarly journals Tree Biomechanics: A White Paper from the 2012 International Meeting and Research Summit at The Morton Arboretum (Lisle, Illinois, U.S.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Dahle ◽  
Jason Grabosky ◽  
Brian Kane ◽  
Jason Miesbauer ◽  
Ward Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Tree Biomechanics ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The International Society of Arboriculture, in conjunction with The Morton Arboretum (Lisle, Illinois, U.S.), convened Tree Biomechanics Summit in September 2010 – bringing together a panel of internationally-recognized experts in the fields of tree biology, tree structure, structural engineering, computer modeling, and arboriculture. Following two days of public research talks on the state of tree biomechanics research, presenters were invited to attend a researcher summit to discuss persisting research gaps and prioritize research needs. Over the course of the event, summit attendees identified five priority research areas: 1) improving efforts to assess mechanical failure potential in trees; 2) modeling the impact of mechanical loading on trees; 3) understanding the mechanisms and modes of tree failure; 4) understanding tree growth response to mechanical loads; and 5) increasing the effectiveness of tree risk mitigation practices. Beyond research priorities, summit participants discussed opportunities for advancing future tree biomechanics research efforts, including the creation of a formal working group dedicated to the subject.

scholarly journals Gas in stems: abundance and potential consequences for tree biomechanics

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1239-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Gartner ◽  
J. R. Moore ◽  
B. A. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Tree Biomechanics
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