Youth leadership training in Hong Kong: current developments and the way ahead

Author(s):  
Ngan-pun Ngai ◽  
chau-kiu Cheung ◽  
Steven Sek-yum Ngai ◽  
Siu-ming To
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngan-pun Ngai ◽  
Chau-kiu Cheung ◽  
Steven Sek-yum Ngai ◽  
Siu-ming To

Author(s):  
Robyn Klingler-Vidra

Chapter Seven analyzes the findings of the empirical investigations of Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore. The critical finding is that domestically-rooted norms are central to states’ distinct learning processes, and therefore norms are the glue that binds the domestic context with international diffusion, and rationality with constructivism. The impact of norms was found to be so strong that, counter to diffusion literature’s hypothesis about specific models leading to greater degrees of convergence, even when policymakers learned about a highly-specific VC policy item, they systematically initiated further studying and conceptualized how a different path – that better fit with their logics of appropriateness – could lead them to the same outcome. The chapter discusses why the three norms investigated – (1) interventionist orientation, (2) private sector financing and (3) local versus international firm preferences – shaped VC policy choices the way that they did in each case.


Author(s):  
Gordon Redding

What came to be known as the Asian miracle took place in a number of quite varied contexts in countries outside the major states Japan and China, and the way in which these smaller economies have built their development trajectories in the years after 1960 has been a matter of serious attention among policymakers worldwide. Japan and China are given specific attention elsewhere in this volume and so this article considers the rest of Pacific Asia. It aims to outline the systems of business which have come to characterize the following clusters of countries: first, South Korea which stands on its own as a distinct case; second, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore which are essentially Chinese in their ethnic make-up, their current political structures, and their business behaviour, but which nevertheless display great differences among themselves; third, the ASEAN group outside Singapore, again containing variety but with certain key common denominators.


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