This chapter examines the evolution of the children’s rights movement and particularly the role of individuals and nongovernmental organizations in driving the creation of new international laws and norms and global campaigns to address the abuse and exploitation of children. Over the past century, child rights advocates have helped shape the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and international treaties addressing child labor and child soldiers, thereby influencing policies and practices related to education, child marriage, corporal punishment, sexual exploitation, and violence against children. The chapter also explores the role of children themselves as activists at the forefront of change.