What the Fetal Face can tell Us: A Discussion of the Evidence, Implications and Potential for Further Research

ABSTRACT This paper reviews findings in fetal development research using two-dimensional and four-dimensional ultrasound imaging and how these techniques have been applied to increase understanding of the fetus. The limitations of differences in language and methods used to code and score images between research groups will also be explored, reaching the conclusion that a reliable coding scheme for fetal facial movements is essential. Furthermore, applications of the new technology studies of bonding between parent and fetus, cross-cultural research on fetal facial development and medical applications are discussed. How to cite this article Reissland N. What the Fetal Face can tell Us: A Discussion of the Evidence, Implications and Potential for Further Research. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(4):336-343.

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Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19000979 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Penny Van Bergen ◽

John Sutton

Keyword(s):

Episodic Memory ◽

Autobiographical Memory ◽

Developmental Psychology ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Memory Development ◽

Development Research ◽

Cultural Research ◽

New Directions ◽

Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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Covert Assessment of the Family System: Patterns, Pictures and Codes

Journal of Methods and Measurement in the Social Sciences ◽

10.2458/v7i2.20322 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Linda G. Bell ◽

David C. Bell

Keyword(s):

Family System ◽

Family Members ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Social Desirability Bias ◽

Coding Scheme ◽

Cultural Research ◽

The Family ◽

Cross Cultural Research ◽

Projective Measure ◽

Global Coding

Covert measures of the family system can tap concepts and discover patterns of which family members themselves are unaware and can avoid social desirability bias. Covert measures can be particularly useful in cross-cultural research and can avoid many pitfalls of language and translation. Three such measures which have been used cross-culturally are described. The first is a method of measuring triangulation of children by the parents based on patterns of agreement in a true-false questionnaire describing the family. The second is a projective measure in which family members as a group create a picture of their family distinguishing relationships between individuals and boundaries within and around the family. The third is a global coding scheme used to evaluate family processes from taped interaction.

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