Effect of Alloying Elements on the Susceptibility to Sulfide Stress Cracking of Line Pipe Steels

CORROSION ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Koh ◽  
B. Y. Yang ◽  
K. Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Pipe Steels ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Effect Of Alloying

On the Sulfide Stress Cracking of Line Pipe Steels

CORROSION ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Turn ◽  
B. E. Wilde ◽  
C. A. Troianos
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Steels ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking

Effect of Line Pipe Steel Microstructure on Susceptibility to Sulfide Stress Cracking

CORROSION ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Koh ◽  
J. S. Kim ◽  
B. Y. Yang ◽  
K. Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
Pipe Steel ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Line Pipe Steel ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking

Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of microstructure on sulfide stress cracking (SSC) properties of line pipe steel. Different kinds of microstructures, with chemical compositions identical to one steel heat, were produced by various thermomechanically controlled processes (TMCP). Coarse ferrite-pearlite, fine ferrite-pearlite, ferrite-acicular ferrite, and ferrite-bainite microstructures were investigated with respect to corrosion properties, hydrogen diffusion, and SSC behavior. SSC was evaluated using a constant elongation rate test (CERT) in a NACE TM0177 solution (5% sodium chloride [NaCl] + 0.5% acetic acid [CH3COOH], saturated with hydrogen sulfide [H2S]). The corrosion properties of steels were evaluated by potentiodynamic and linear polarization methods. Hydrogen diffusion through steel matrix was measured by an electrochemical method using a Devanathan-Stachurski cell. The effect of microstructure on cracking behavior also was investigated with respect to crack nucleation and propagation processes. Test results showed that ferrite-acicular ferrite microstructure had the highest resistance to SSC, whereas ferrite-bainitic and coarse ferritie-pearlitic microstructures had the lowest resistance. The high susceptibility to SSC inferritie-bainitic and coarse ferritic-pearlitic microstructures resulted from crack nucleation on hard phases such as grain boundary cementite in coarse ferritie-pearlitic microstructures and martensite/retained austenite (M/A) island in bainitic phases. Hard phase cementite at grain boundaries or M/A constituent in bainitic phases acted as crack nucleation sites and could be cracked easily under external stress; consequently, the susceptibility of steel to SSC increased. Metallurgical parameters including matrix structure and defects such as grain boundary carbides and inter-lath M/A constituents were more critical parameters for controlling SSC than the hydrogen diffusion rate.

A method for testing pipe steels under the conditions of sulfide stress cracking

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-591
Author(s):  
A. I. Astaf'ev ◽  
V. M. Narushev ◽  
T. V. Tetyueva
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Steels ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking

Effect of Reeling on Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking of Welded API5LX65 Line Pipe

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramgopal Thodla ◽  
Robin Gordon ◽  
Feng Gui
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Aged Condition ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Service Environment ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Sour Service ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking

The effect of reeling on sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance of welded line pipe was investigated in two different environments, a modified NACE B environment and a fitness for service environment (pH = 5/pH2S = 0.46psia). Micro hardness maps were performed to characterize the welds both in the as fabricated condition as well as in the strained and aged condition. The hardness values in all of the conditions, was less than 250VHN (in compliance with NACE requirements). Triplicate specimens were tested in the as fabricated, strained and aged intrados and extrados in both the environments. SSC resistance in a severely sour environment (pH = 3.5/1psia H2S) was affected by reeling with cracking observed in both the intrados and extrados samples. No cracking was observed in the as-fabricated welds. However, in a moderately sour environment (pH = 5/0.46psia H2S) reeling did not have a detrimental effect on the SSC performance. No evidence of cracking on the as-fabricated, intrados, and extrados welds. In moderate sour service reeling doesn’t appear to have a detrimental effect on the SSC behavior.

scholarly journals Effects of Alloying Elements (C, Mo) on Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Behaviors of A516-65 Steels in Sour Environments

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4188
Author(s):  
Jin Sung Park ◽  
Jin Woo Lee ◽  
Joong Ki Hwang ◽  
Sung Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Pressure Vessel Steel ◽  
Vessel Steel ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Hydrogen Induced Cracking ◽  
Hydrogen Assisted Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Mo Content ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study examined the effects of alloying elements (C, Mo) on hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) behaviors of A516-65 grade pressure vessel steel in sour environments. A range of experimental and analytical methods of HIC, SSC, electrochemical permeation, and immersion experiments were used. The steel with a higher C content had a larger fraction of banded pearlite, which acted as a reversible trap for hydrogen, and slower diffusion kinetics of hydrogen was obtained. In addition, a higher hardness in the mid-thickness regions of the steel, due to center segregation, resulted in easier HIC propagation. On the other hand, the steel with a higher Mo content showed more dispersed banded pearlite and a larger amount of irreversibly trapped hydrogen. Nevertheless, the addition of Mo to the steel can deteriorate the surface properties through localized pitting and the local detachment of corrosion products with uneven interfaces, increasing the vulnerability to SSC. The mechanistic reasons for the results are discussed, and a desirable alloy design for ensuring an enhanced resistance to hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC) is proposed.

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