scholarly journals Integrated Geophysical Methods for Groundwater Exploration in a Karst Area with or Without Thin Cover – A Case Study from Tai’an City, Shandong Province, China

Author(s):  
Fuping Gan ◽  
Yixiang Chen ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yuling Chen ◽  
Wei Liu
2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammmad Al Farajat ◽  
Bernhard Schaefers ◽  
Hussein Al Hassanat ◽  
Nedal Al Atteyat ◽  
Nidal Al Jahed ◽  
...  

<p class="Default">In this study, an effective and time-saving strategy for groundwater exploration in alluvium basins in arid-semiarid lands was applied by integrating GIS and geophysics. Three steps were followed to locate productive local groundwater aquifers prone to annual recharge in the Region of Petra, which covers an area of 800 km². In the first step, geological, structural and geomorphological knowledge was applied to determine the parts of the sedimentary basin having potentials of being local groundwater aquifers. Some locality of the selected area with suitable hydrological conditions for recharge was chosen for an optimization process using GIS. In the second step, the selected locality of the basin was given emphasize on its detailed geology and hydrology to choose suitable locality for applying gravity visualization. Evaluation of this data leads to step number three. Now at localities with promising conditions vertical electrical soundings was applied to enable the authors to determine productive and renewable groundwater aquifers. As it is known that geophysical methods are considered as expensive and time-consuming work, therefore, in this strategy of groundwater surveying a special attention is given to budgets of time, efforts and funds constraints</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default"><strong>Resumen</strong></p>En este estudio se aplicó una estrategia efectiva y eficaz para la exploración de aguas subterráneas en cuencas con depósitos aluviales para terrenos áridos y semiáridos a través de la integración del Sistema de Información Geográfica (GIS, inglés) y herramientas geofísicas. Se siguieron tres pasos para localizar acuíferos locales de aguas subterráneas propensos a las recargas anuales en la región de Petra, que cubre un área de 800 km2. En el primer paso se aplicó el conocimiento teórico para determinar las partes de la cuenca sedimentaria con el potencial de ser un acuífero local de aguas subterráneas. Se escogió una de las localidades del área seleccionada con condiciones hidrológicas apropiadas de recarga para un proceso de optimización con el GIS. En el segundo paso se hizo énfasis en la geología e hidrología detallada de la localidad seleccionada de la cuenca para así escoger un lugar apropiado para la aplicación del método de visualización gravitacional. La evaluación de los datos condujo el estudio al tercer paso. Se realizaron sondeos eléctricos en los lugares con evidencias para permitirle a los autores determinar los depósitos de aguas subterráneas productivos y renovables. Si bien los métodos geofísicos son considerados costosos y demandantes de tiempo, con esta estrategia de exploración de aguas subterráneas se hizo un énfasis especial a los presupuestos de tiempo, esfuerzo y limitaciones de fondos.


2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Magnavita ◽  
Norbert Schleifer

In the last decades, geophysical methods such as magnetic survey have become a common technique for prospecting archaeological sites. At sub-Saharan archaeological sites, however, magnetic survey and correlated techniques never came into broad use and there are no signs for an immediate change of this situation. This paper examines the magnetic survey undertaken on the Nigerian site of Zilum, a settlement of the Gajiganna Culture (ca 1800-400 BC) located in the Chad Basin and dated to ca 600-400 BC. By means of the present case study, we demonstrate the significance of this particular type of investigation in yielding complementary data for understanding the character of prehistoric settlements. In conclusion, we point out that geophysical methods should play a more important role in modern archaeological field research, as they furnish a class of documentation not achievable by traditional survey and excavation methods, thus creating new perspectives for interpreting the past of African societies.


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