The Paris Commune of 1871 and the Semaine sanglante viewed from the discussions about the death toll in the Semaine sanglante

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 5-44
Author(s):  
Jae-Youl HYUN
2020 ◽  
pp. 60-109
Author(s):  
Richard Porton

This chapter examines cinema's representation of anarchist heroes, martyrs, and fleeting revolutionary moments, formulating a critique of mainstream socialism that is far from the banalities of bourgeois sociology. Two films, Bo Widerberg's Joe Hill (1971) and Giuliano Montaldo's Sacco and Vanzetti (1971), deal with a transitional historical period before the final polarization of Bolshevism and anarchism. These films are reverential tributes to radical martyrs, and reflect the fact that these members of the Old Left pantheon have long been heralded as all-purpose leftists whose legacies provide useful object-lessons for socialists, liberals, and communists, as well as anarchists. The chapter then looks at the documentary and fiction films inspired by the Spanish Revolution of the 1930s. It also considers a prototypical sequence in Grigori Kozintsev and Leonid Trauberg's Soviet avant-garde epic New Babylon (1929), which sums up the grassroots anti-authoritarianism of the seventy-two-day Paris Commune of 1871, while prefiguring the Spanish libertarian communism of the 1930s and the anti-statist radicalism that erupted during the events of May 1968 in France.


Author(s):  
Colin Foss

While scholarly interest is often drawn to the more tumultuous Paris Commune of 1871, insistence on this moment of revolution and civil war obscures the specific stakes of the Siege of Paris, which was not as much a revolution as a moment of suspension in French history. Cut off from the rest of the world, Parisians were left to their own devices during the Siege. What resulted was a literary industry with few established authors present, limited resources, and enormous demand. Despite the circumstances, Parisians turned to literature to alleviate their isolation and bear witness to the unspeakable tragedy that surrounded them. The relative anonymity of Parisian literary production during the Siege has erroneously led to the conclusion that culture came to a standstill during this period. However, a closer look at literary institutions, which weathered the storm of national defeat remarkably well, shows that literature does not disappear in times of war: it simply changes form. The introduction defines the four major sites of cultural production and the networks that existed within and among them: theaters, newspapers, personal writing, and book publishing.


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