scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Sensitivity Analysis of the Surface Ozone and Fine Particulate Matter to Meteorological Parameters in China"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Shi ◽  
Lin Huang ◽  
Jingyi Li ◽  
Qi Ying ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis of the surface ozone and fine particulate matter to meteorological parameters in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 13455-13466
Author(s):  
Zhihao Shi ◽  
Lin Huang ◽  
Jingyi Li ◽  
Qi Ying ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Surface O3

Abstract. Meteorological conditions play important roles in the formation of ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). China has been suffering from serious regional air pollution problems, characterized by high concentrations of surface O3 and PM2.5. In this study, the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was used to quantify the sensitivity of surface O3 and PM2.5 to key meteorological parameters in different regions of China. Six meteorological parameters were perturbed to create different meteorological conditions, including temperature (T), wind speed (WS), absolute humidity (AH), planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), cloud liquid water content (CLW) and precipitation (PCP). Air quality simulations under the perturbed meteorological conditions were conducted in China in January and July of 2013. The changes in O3 and PM2.5 concentrations due to individual meteorological parameters were then quantified. T has a great influence on the daily maximum 8 h average O3 (O3-8 h) concentrations, which leads to O3-8 h increases by 1.7 in January in Chongqing and 1.1 ppb K−1 in July in Beijing. WS, AH, and PBLH have a smaller but notable influence on O3-8 h with maximum change rates of 0.3 ppb %−1, −0.15 ppb %−1, and 0.14 ppb %−1, respectively. T, WS, AH, and PBLH have important effects on PM2.5 formation of both in January and July. In general, PM2.5 sensitivities are negative to T, WS, and PBLH and positive to AH in most regions of China. The sensitivities in January are much larger than in July. PM2.5 sensitivity to T, WS, PBLH, and AH in January can be up to −5 µg m−3 K−1, −3 µg m−3 %−1, −1 µg m−3 %−1, and +0.6 µg m−3 %−1, respectively, and in July it can be up to −2 µg m−3 K−1, −0.4 µg m−3 %−1, −0.14 µg m−3 %−1, and +0.3 µg m−3 %−1, respectively. Other meteorological factors (CLW and PCP) have negligible effects on O3-8 h (less than 0.01 ppb %−1) and PM2.5 (less than 0.01 µg m−3 %−1). The results suggest that surface O3 and PM2.5 concentrations can change significantly due to changes in meteorological parameters, and it is necessary to consider these effects when developing emission control strategies in different regions of China.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis of the Surface Ozone and Fine Particulate Matter to Meteorological Parameters in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Shi ◽  
Lin Huang ◽  
Jingyi Li ◽  
Qi Ying ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Surface O3

Abstract. Meteorological conditions play important roles in the formation of ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). China has been suffering from serious regional air pollution problems, characterized by high concentrations of surface O3 and PM2.5. In this study, the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was used to quantify the sensitivity of surface O3 and PM2.5 to key meteorological parameters in different regions of China. Six meteorological parameters were perturbed to create different meteorological conditions, including temperature (T), wind speed (WS), absolute humidity (AH), planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), cloud liquid water content (CLW) and precipitation (PCP). Air quality simulations under the perturbed meteorological conditions were conducted in China in January and July of 2013. The changes in O3 and PM2.5 concentrations due to individual meteorological parameters were then quantified. T has the greatest impact on the daily maximum 8-h average O3 (O3-8 h) concentrations, which leads to O3-8 h increases by 1.7 ppb K−1 in January in Chongqing and 1.1 ppb K−1 in July in Beijing. WS, AH, and PBLH have a smaller but notable influence on O3-8 h with maximum change rates of 0.3, −0.15, and 0.14 ppb %−1, respectively. T, WS, AH, and PBLH have important effects on PM2.5 formation of in both January and July. In general, PM2.5 sensitivities are negative to T, WS, and PBLH and positive to AH in most regions of China. The sensitivities in January are much larger than in July. PM2.5 sensitivity to T, WS, PBLH, and AH in January can be up to −5 μg m−3 K−1, −3 μg m3 %−1, −1 g m−3, and +0.6 μg m−3 %−1, respectively, and in July can be up to −2 μg m−3 K−1, −0.4 μg m−3 %−1, −0.14 μg m−3 %−1, and +0.3 μg m−3 %−1, respectively. Other meteorological factors (CLW and PCP) have negligible effects on O3-8 h (less than 0.01 ppb %−1) and PM2.5 (less than 0.01 μg m−3 %−1). The results suggest that surface O3 and PM2.5 concentrations can change significantly due to changes in meteorological parameters and it is necessary to consider these effects when developing emission control strategies in different regions of China.

scholarly journals Impacts of East Mediterranean megacity emissions on air quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 6335-6355 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Im ◽  
M. Kanakidou
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Biogenic Emissions ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Surface O3

Abstract. Megacities are large urban agglomerations with intensive anthropogenic emissions that have significant impacts on local and regional air quality. In the present mesoscale modeling study, the impacts of anthropogenic emissions from the Greater Istanbul Area (GIA) and the Greater Athens Area (GAA) on the air quality in GIA, GAA and the entire East Mediterranean are quantified for typical wintertime (December 2008) and summertime (July 2008) conditions. They are compared to those of the regional anthropogenic and biogenic emissions that are also calculated. Finally, the efficiency of potential country-based emissions mitigation in improving air quality is investigated. The results show that relative contributions from both cities to surface ozone (O3) and aerosol levels in the cities' extended areas are generally higher in winter than in summer. Anthropogenic emissions from GIA depress surface O3 in the GIA by ~ 60% in winter and ~ 20% in summer while those from GAA reduce the surface O3 in the GAA by 30% in winter and by 8% in summer. GIA and GAA anthropogenic emissions contribute to the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels inside the cities themselves by up to 75% in winter and by 50% (GIA) and ~ 40% (GAA), in summer. GIA anthropogenic emissions have larger impacts on the domain-mean surface O3 (up to 1%) and PM2.5 (4%) levels compared to GAA anthropogenic emissions (<1% for O3 and ≤2% for PM2.5) in both seasons. Impacts of regional anthropogenic emissions on the domain-mean surface pollutant levels (up to 17% for summertime O3 and 52% for wintertime fine particulate matter, PM2.5) are much higher than those from Istanbul and Athens together (~ 1% for O3 and ~ 6% for PM2.5, respectively). Regional biogenic emissions are found to limit the production of secondary inorganic aerosol species in summer up to 13% (non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42−) in rural Athens) due to their impact on oxidant levels while they have negligible impact in winter. Finally, the responses to country-based anthropogenic emission mitigation scenarios inside the studied region show increases in O3 mixing ratios in the urban areas of GIA and GAA, higher in winter (~ 13% for GIA and 2% for GAA) than in summer (~ 7% for GIA and <1% for GAA). On the opposite PM2.5 concentrations decrease by up to 30% in GIA and by 20% in GAA with the highest improvements computed for winter. The emission reduction strategy also leads to domain-wide decreases in most primary pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO) or nitrogen oxides (NOx) for both seasons. The results show the importance of long range transport of pollutants for the air quality in the East Mediterranean. Thus, improvements of air quality in the East Mediterranean require coordinated efforts inside the region and beyond.

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