Seven species of freshwater crabs from three families are recorded from and around the Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo: Thelphusulacapillodigitus sp. n., Thelphusuladicerophilus Ng & Stuebing, 1990, Arachnothelphusaterrapes Ng, 1991, Terrathelphusasecula Ng & Tan, 2015, Parathelphusavalida Ng & Goh, 1987 (new record) (Gecarcinucidae); Isolapotamoningeri Ng & Tan, 1998 (Potamidae); and Geosesarmadanumense Ng, 2002 (Sesarmidae). The new species of Thelphusula Bott, 1979, can be distinguished from all congeners by a unique combination of morphological features, most notably the presence of dense patches of short setae on the fingers of the adult male chelipeds, as well as the structure of the male first gonopod. Arachnothelphusaterrapes is confirmed to be a phytotelm species. A key to all species in the conservation area is provided.