scholarly journals Cristianismo versus cultos mistéricos: una lectura contextualizada del Bautismo en Rom 6

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-341
Author(s):  
Alfonso Vives Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Sitz Im Leben

Se propone una revisión de las relaciones de las prácticas rituales por inmersión de agua entre el cristianismo y las religiones mistéricas contemporáneas. Para tal fin, se sintetiza el contexto en que estas prácticas se producen en el ambiente (Sitz im Leben) grecorromano helenístico, sin olvidar la influencia mucho más directa de las prácticas bautismales de los seguidores deJuan el bautista. A continuación, se introduce un sucinto Estado de la Cuestión de la historia de la interpretación de este fenómeno religioso, para calibrar qué argumentos se han esgrimido desde la escuela de historia de las religiones y de la propia exégesis y teología cristianas para explicar este fenómeno. Estudiando el caso del bautismo en Pablo y, concretamente, en el complejo pasaje de Rom 6, se trata de indagar hasta qué punto las prácticas bautismales del cristianismo de los orígenes son comparables a los misterios iniciáticos que implicaban un rito de características similares como una “muerte en Cristo que inaugura una nueva vida”, puesto que estas ideas están bien desarrolladas en ese y otros pasajes del corpus paulino. Con argumentos procedentes de la sociología de la religión y de la antropología sociocultural, se entiende que el fenómeno se puede explicar como un caso de transferencia ritual entre religiones mistéricas y prácticas bautismales cristianas que permite explicar el complicado pasaje de Rom 6, si bien este tipo de influjo intercultural no excluye la relación genética con el trasfondo de las prácticas bautismales que habían sido desarrolladas especialmente por los judíos de los círculos de Juan bautista.

Spinoza’s Hermeneutics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Grafton
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Sitz Im Leben ◽  
Historical Contextualization ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Outstanding Representative

The biblical scholarship Spinoza deploys in his Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (1670) stands in a long tradition of humanist philology. The radical thrust of the book lay not so much in the techniques as in the conclusions which Spinoza, spurred by his philosophical agenda, allowed himself to draw from the results. His historical contextualization of the biblical Sitz im Leben resembled what humanist philologists like Joseph Scaliger had done long before: a reconstruction of the circumstances in which a text was produced, with an eye to time, space, and culture. The central chapters in the Tractatus also show that Spinoza was not the most outstanding representative of this scholarly tradition. Drawing, for example, on the commentary in his particular edition of the Hebrew Bible, Spinoza relied only indirectly on Rabbinic source materials, which led him to misrepresent them unduly.

Reflections on John the Baptist in History and Theology by Joel Marcus

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Cecilia Wassén
Keyword(s):  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
John The Baptist ◽  
Sitz Im Leben ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In this article, I engage with Joel Marcus’s recent book on John the Baptist, focusing on the relationship between John and the Dead Sea Scrolls. While I appreciate many parts of his detailed study, I question the claim that John was a former member of the Essenes. Although there are intriguing similarities, the question is how far reaching conclusions we may draw concerning such a relationship. I problematize some aspects of the comparison between the sources. Like many scholars, Marcus refers in particular to 1QS and the site of Khirbet Qumran for reconstructing the Essenes and hence John’s background. In response, I highlight the uncertainty about the Sitz im leben of 1QS in relation to Khirbet Qumran and ask why this particular manuscript should be privileged over others. Not least when it comes to purity halakhah there are many other documents than 1QS from Qumran that are highly relevant to the issue. Finally, I critically evaluate Marcus’s view that John the Baptist had a favorable attitude towards Gentiles, which according Marcus differed from the views of the Essenes.

Analysis of an Exegetic Tradition in the Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael: The Meaning of 'Amanah in the Second and Third Centuries

AJS Review ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Redaction Criticism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sitz Im Leben

In the past few years, a number of works have appeared which have tried to utilize different methods in the analysis of midrashic and aggadic texts. These recent efforts include the application of literary structural analysis, formula comparison, linguistic tools, and form and redaction criticism, in addition to concern for the sitz im leben of particular passages, i.e., sociohistorical studies.

Horizons on Fundamental Moral Theology

Horizons ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theology ◽  
Sitz Im Leben

This article will evaluate five comparatively recent books dealing with fundamental moral theology. Anthologies or books treating specific topics in special moral theology will not be discussed. The purpose is to consider various contemporary approaches to fundamental moral theology and to evaluate these works both in themselves and in their utility as textbooks. The authors to be considered are: O'Connell, Maguire, McDonagh, Häring, and Böckle.As might be expected there are strengths and weaknesses in all these works. The primary interpretive key to be employed in this article is the Sitz im Leben of the book. The particular Sitz im Leben of each author helps to understand better what the book is trying to accomplish and at the same time serves to indicate some of the strengths and weaknesses of the particular volume.

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