This chapter presents the results of discussions based on research conducted between 2006 and 2018. It explores the makings, workings, and effects of various sciences and technologies. It focuses on an array of applied health and environmental knowledges and innovations being developed to solve some of the gravest problems of human and ecological health facing China today. The kinds of cutting-edge basic sciences that are being energetically promoted by the state and private entrepreneurs that remain a subject for future anthropological research. The chapter also makes two major intellectual interventions. First, under the rubric “governing through science,” the governance/governmentality approach to the study of Chinese science and technology is extended. Second, the analysis is deepened by adding the insights of science and technology studies.
The Significance of Missionary’s Scientific Translation at Ming Dynasty to the Development of Chinese Science and Technology