The Impact of Returning Scholars on Chinese Science and Technology

2017 ◽  
pp. 175-196
Author(s):  
O. SCHNEPP
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Chinese Science ◽  
The Impact

The decision-making of treatment and outcome in elderly patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Q Zhao ◽  
H Xu ◽  
J Lv ◽  
Y Wu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) steadily increases with age. There is a consensus that intervention should be advised in patients with symptomatic severe AS. However, decision to operate raises complex issues in the elderly due to the increasing operative comorbidity and mortality. There is limited information regarding the characteristics and outcome of elderly patients with symptomatic severe AS who were denied intervention and the reasons leading to the denial. Purpose To analyze the decision-making and the prognosis in elderly patients with symptomatic severe AS. Methods In a cohort of 8929 patients aged ≥60 years with significant valvular heart disease, we divided patients with severe (valve area ≤1 cm2 or peak velocity ≥4.0 m/s or mean gradient ≥40 mmHg), symptomatic (angina or NYHA II-IV or syncope) AS into three groups by final treatment decision: intervention group, doctor-deny group, patient-deny group. The impact of characteristics on decision-making was evaluated and 1-year mortality among three groups were compared. Results Among 546 patients with severe symptomatic AS, the interventional decision was taken in 338 patients (61.9%), 134 patients (24.5%) were denied intervention by doctor after evaluation and 74 patients (13.5%) refused intervention due to personal preference. In multivariable analysis, age [OR=1.104, 95% CI (1.068–1.142)], multi-comorbidities [OR=4.706, 95% CI (2.355–9.403)] and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) [OR=1.021, 95% CI (1.001–1.042)] were markedly associated with the conservative decision made by doctor, while LVEF >50% [OR=0.260, 95% CI (0.082–0.823)] was significantly linked with the interventional decision. Lower mortality was observed in intervention group during 1-year follow-up compared with either doctor-deny group or patient-deny group (both P<0.001 after adjustment). Further, diabetes [HR=2.513, 95% CI (1.243–5.084)], syncope [HR=2.856, 95% CI (1.338–6.098)], atrial fibrillation (AF) [HR=2.764, 95% CI (1.305–5.855)], stroke [HR=2.921, 95% CI (1.252–6.851)] and multi-comorbidities [HR=3.120, 95% CI (1.363–7.142)] were strong 1-year mortality predictors, whereas interventional treatment [HR=0.195, 95% CI (0.091–0.417)] and LEVF >50% [HR=0.960, 95% CI (0.938–0.984)] were related to lower mortality. Conclusions Intervention was denied in about forty percent of elderly patients with symptomatic severe AS. Patients with advanced age, multi-comorbidities and increased LVEDD tended to be denied intervention by doctors, whereas interventions were more likely to be performed on patients with normal LVEF. Diabetes, syncope, AF, stroke and multi-comorbidities were the predictive factors of 1-year mortality. Elderly patients with symptomatic severe AS could benefit from intervention. Patient education needs to be strengthened, to encourage more patients accept the appropriate intervention. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Twelfth Five-year Science and Technology Support Projects by Ministry of Science and Technology of China

The Long-Term Impact of an Education for Sustainability Course on Israeli Science and Technology Teachers’ Pro-Environment Awareness, Commitment and Behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Abramovich ◽  
Yahavit Loria
Keyword(s):  
High School Teachers ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Education For Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Junior High School Teachers ◽  
Technology Teachers ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of an Education for Sustainability (EfS) course for science and technology junior high school teachers on the intentional and actual environmental behaviour of participants was studied by researching the EfS implementation of 13 science and technology teachers within their family, community, and work environment. The research was qualitative in nature, where science and technology teachers’ insights on the EfS course were determined by means of an open-ended questionnaire and intensive interviews. Results indicated that the course clearly influenced the vast majority of the participants, who claimed that their environmental awareness had increased and they were capable of acting responsibly. All participants acted in favour of the environment among family, community, and at work. Yet, 2 years later, implementation seemed to be undermined by various internal and external barriers, such as the unavailability of convenient resources, or resistance on the part of family. The study suggests that course designers must include reference to potential difficulties and barriers in order to circumvent future obstacles. In addition, the implementation of post-course support would encourage overcoming the gap between willingness to act and actual practice.

Evaluating impact of entrepreneurship education programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 781-796
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Khatereh Daneshjoovash ◽  
Mirza Hassan Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Applied Science ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of Entrepreneurship Education Programs (EEPs) from students’ and educators’ viewpoint to improve the quality of EEPs. Design/methodology/approach This research applies a qualitative-quantitative methodology. Its sample is included 291 students were selected randomly and 35 educators were chosen by convenience technique from universities of Applied Science and Technology of Iran. Findings The results revealed that essence of EEPs had a positive direct effect on objectives and content of EEPs; objectives and content of EEPs had a positive direct effect on methods of EEPs; essence of EEPs had a positive direct effect on impact of EEPs; and essence of EEPs had a positive indirect effect on methods through objectives and content based on students’ and educators’ perspective. Moreover, as opposed to educators’, students believed that methods of EEPs have not a positive direct effect on impact, while educators were opponent to students approach about the positive direct effect of essence of EEPs on methods. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to Applied Science and Technology universities were selected by convenience sampling method. Similar studies in other universities are needed to be conducted by simple random sampling to evaluate EEPs. Practical implications The study recommends policy-makers to be aware of students’ needs of EEPs’ methods, as well inform educators about effective and initiative methods. Originality/value Evaluating impact of EEPs based on demand and supply-side viewpoint is the first study conducted in Applied Science and Technology universities of Iran.

scholarly journals Developing Science Parks: Global Experience and Possible Guidelines for the Donbas Region’s Innovative Economic Recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-26
Author(s):  
V. Liashenko ◽  
◽  
I. Pidorycheva ◽  
S. Buravchenko ◽  
O. Stetsenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Technology Park ◽  
Science And Technology Park ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

For many years, the technological deterioration of physical assets, the high energy intensity of production, structural imbalance of the industrial complex, and related complex technogenic and ecological situation, which today already carries systemic threats, remained acute problems for Donbass. The conflict in eastern Ukraine has exposed these problems, made them admit that without the introduction of advanced technologies and effective management solutions, it will hardly be possible to revive the economic potential of the region on a qualitatively new basis. The paper concentrates on the search for opportunities to mitigate and eliminate the impact of the challenges existing in Donbass, implement the restructuring of the region's economy by using the tool of science parks. The practicality of organizing and financing science parks is now being worked out by the Ministry of Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied Territories of Ukraine within the Strategy of Economic Development of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions until 2030. The experience of other countries of the world regarding the goals and methods of creation, element composition, specialization, construction cost and the effectiveness of the activities of scientific parks with the aim of using it in the regeneration of Donetsk and Lugansk regions has been studied. The article reflects the experience of the USA (in particular, the Silicon Valley and Research Triangle Park science parks); Ireland (Wyeth Biopharma Science Park); Germany (Rhein Elbe Science Park); Poland (Poznan Science and Technology Park, Park Naukowo – Technologiczny «Technopark Gliwice», Science and Technology Park Poland-East in Suwałki). Based on the results of the analysis, it was determined that the cost of building science parks in these countries ranges from USD 35-60 million (Poland) to USD 3-5 billion (United States of America). Particular attention is paid to the features of the architectural and planning organization of science parks abroad and in Ukraine. The design proposals of scientific parks, developed for Zaporizhzhia and Kyiv, are presented as model guidelines for use in Donbass. Building on the results of the study of world experience, as well as project proposals for its implementation in Ukraine, it was concluded that the creation of science parks in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions can be considered as an effective tool for innovative renewal and structural restructuring of the regional economy. To enhance the influence of science parks on innovation processes in the studied regions and Ukraine as a whole, proposals were made to amend and supplement the laws of Ukraine "On Science Parks", "On Amendments to Certain Laws of Ukraine Regarding the Activation of Science Parks". The results of the study can be used by the government and the relevant ministry of Ukraine when justifying the choice of models for future science parks in Donbass, their location, specialization, and construction costs.

scholarly journals The ‘Vero Cell’ COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Nepal: What we know about the Chinese vaccine development and access?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jay Narayan Shah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Pharmaceutical Group ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

The world has changed dramatically from the impact of the COVID-19. It has impacted the normality of daily life, highlighting the failure of rich and poor nations alike, which is evident from the high number of human lives lost in rich and powerful countries like the USA with total deaths of 32,735,704 and Europe with 43,708,958 until April 24, 2021, as per Worldometer. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that all of us ‘have and have-not’, no one can escape from the effects of the lockdowns, disruption of normal life including education, businesses, etc. reminding all of us that equitable access to vaccines is the best possible choice not to further exacerbate the challenges because ‘no country is safe until every country is safe’. It is a remarkable scientific achievement that within a year of the identification of the virus, we have COVID-19 vaccines, albeit available mostly in rich countries. The benefit of research is possible only with solidarity, by sharing the available resources, vaccine included, for the control of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Modern science and technology, including the development and marketing of COVID-19 vaccines, have been focused in the USA and Europe. China joined this club of elites of science following the Chinese FDA approval of Sinopharm (the subsidiary of state-owned China National Pharmaceutical Group- CNPG), first COVID-19 vaccine (inactivated Sars-Cov-2) based on the results of the phase-3 clinical trial in UAE and Bahrain showing up to 86% efficacy of the vaccine in preventing COVID-19. Detail of trials of Sinopharm inactivated COVID-19 vaccines (Vero Cells) available on two early trials in China (Phase I/II ChiCTR2000031809, enrollment 1,456) and later 4 trials outside China (phase III, NCT04510207 Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, United Arab Emirates- enrollment of 45,000; ChiCTR2000034780 United Arab Emirates, enrollment of 15,000; NCT04612972 Peru, enrollment of 6,000) show the progress of research and approval in China and UAE. Modern science and technology, including the development and marketing of COVID-19 vaccines, have been focused in the USA and Europe. China joined this club of elites of science following the Chinese FDA approval of Sinopharm (the subsidiary of state-owned China National Pharmaceutical Group- CNPG) first COVID-19 vaccine (inactivated Sars-Cov-2) based on the results of the phase-3 clinical trial in UAE and Bahrain showing up to 86% efficacy of the vaccine in preventing COVID-19.3

scholarly journals The Future of The Profession of Accountant Sharia Enter MEA In 2017

2017 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Agus Arwani
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Accountants are the actors who contribute to the establishment and implementation of accounting as a structure. On the other hand the consequences of the application of modern accounting shows the impact of a less than satisfactory. Facts show the number of accounting manipulation scandal that hit the company's financial statements and the low awareness of their social responsibility and the environment implies that very large changes in accounting principals. Accounting reality is part of how accountants take on the role. Deviations reality always brings accountants as party central is how actors and structures form mutually met. Habitus actor '' greedy '' met with accounting (capitalism) as a structure that legitimize it. In reality accountant (agent) looks so lost in the shackles of capitalism, so the agency theory in the form of a conflict of interest, it seems to shift the basis of mutual symbiosis between the interests of management and accountants. Accountants must be returned khittah her as a sovereign profession, he is an ideologue as Rausyan Fikr. All forms of deep-an accountant in worship, glorify the '' number '' in the sense of making all tasks as tasks (treatises) '' prophetic '' to map the right stakeholders fairly and correctly. This can only take place within the frame sovereign  and raise awareness of the Godhead (fervently) to put God at the summit toward accountability. Readiness accountant sharia in entering the MEA in 2017 with preparing the capabilities and expertise of sharia-based accounting standards IFRS, Accounting Sharia must understand the risks of sharia, sharia accounting should be standardized SDI International, science and technology capabilities accountant sharia be reliable.

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