CRISTAL-ITE: a single-crystal X-ray diffractometer scale model for scientific dissemination

This article presents the design and manufacture of an automated scale model of a four-circle single-crystal X-ray diffractometer that can be used for scientific dissemination. The purpose of this device is to reach out to the wider public and students to introduce them in an entertaining way to one of the laboratory apparatuses to which they do not usually have access, to talk to them about crystallography in the broadest sense, to develop concepts in various fields of science and technology, and to initiate interest and discussions. The main technical aspects of the project are described, with the expectation that such an approach could be useful to anyone involved in scientific dissemination and could be developed for other laboratory equipment and other disciplines. This kind of device can also be the subject of scientific and technological projects in close collaboration with educational institutions.

Analysis on the Development Direction of News Photography in the Digital Era

With the rapid rise of information technology and the continuous update of science and technology, society has stepped into the digital age, which accelerates the prosperity of visual culture, and news has entered the era of reading pictures. The development of digital technology not only brings convenience to news photography, but also brings great challenges to professional news photographers. The advantage is that the buttons of digital cameras have replaced the technical means of traditional film photography, thus greatly reducing the threshold of photography. This article will explain the two development directions of photojournalism in the digital age, evaluate the contribution of documentary photojournalism to society, and also consider some development constraints.

“Geology in Everyday Life”: Designing Museum Educational Programmes (EP) with Students of Geology in the Science and Technology Museum (STM) of the University of Patras, Greece

This paper describes a study case of the Science and Technology Museum “Pedagogical Competence Programme” for students of the Department of Geology. It highlights an experimental approach of the museum for designing museum educational programmes with students. The museum succeeded from one side to develop a new program to offer to schools using participatory design and from the other to offer university students pedagogical experience through innovative, non-formal educational programmes, new ways to approach school students at all levels, cultivate their special skills, and enhance their knowledge, in order to familiarise them with the popularisation of science.

Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation, Spatial Spillover and Agricultural Green Development—Taking 30 Provinces in China as the Research Object

In the face of increasingly severe resource and environmental constraints, accelerating the transformation of agricultural green development through agricultural science and technology innovation is an effective measure to reduce agricultural pollution and improve agricultural production efficiency. From the perspective of multidimensional proximity, this paper expounds the mechanism of agricultural science and technology innovation on agricultural green development through spatial spillover from two perspectives: factor spillover path and product spillover path. Based on panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2019, using the gray correlation analysis method, the level of agricultural green development in China was measured, and its spatial–temporal evolution trend was analyzed. The spatial economic matrix was selected as the spatial weight matrix, and the spatial econometric model was used to analyze the spatial spillover effect of agricultural science and technology innovation on agricultural green development. The results showed the following: (1) Agricultural green development had distinct spatial characteristics. The development level of green agriculture in eastern and northwestern China showed a trend of fluctuation decline, while that in southwest China showed a trend of fluctuation increase. The overall spatial distribution of green agriculture was high in the east and low in the west. (2) The spatial distribution of agricultural science, technological innovation and the agricultural green development level showed a significant positive global spatial autocorrelation, and the local spatial pattern characteristics of a number of provinces showed high-value agglomeration (HH), low-value agglomeration (LL), low-value collapse (LH) and high-value bulge (HL) as the auxiliary local spatial distribution. (3) Under the economic matrix, the improvement of the agricultural science and technology innovation level not only had a significant promoting effect on agricultural green development within each province but also promoted agricultural green development in neighboring provinces through positive spillover effects. This study provides insights that can help make up for the lack of regional agricultural science and technology investment, formulate scientific regional agricultural science and technology innovation policies and promote agricultural green development.

Current Issues of the Motivation Concept in the Instructive-Educational Process with Minor – Pupils

The age where we live is dominated by the strong expansion of science and technology in all fields of activity and the continuous acceleration of people's pace of life. These characteristics of contemporaneity have direct consequences on the preparation of the young generation, which must cope with both the current requirements of society and further social development. Firstly, the rapid increase in the volume of information in all areas, the accelerated fatigue of knowledge requires the continuous adaptation of school objectives, content, forms and teaching methods to this information dynamic.Secondly, the new rhythm of life that demands the man in an increasingly intense measure, from a social, cultural and professional point of view, also affects the pupil.

Crucial Strategies to Solve Communicative Breakdown

English has increasingly become international language for business and commerce, science and technology, international relations and diplomacy. Due to this fact, the purpose of learning a foreign language is communication. Through communication, people send and receive messages and negotiate meaning. Communication has different forms and takes place in different situations. People communicate to satisfy their needs. Heterogeneous interaction is carried out by a native speaker and a non-native one in the purpose of exchanging of ideas, information between two or more individuals. There is usually, at least one speaker or sender, a message which transmitted, and an individual or individuals for whom this message is intended. Communication breakdowns may happen to anybody communicating in a language other than their dominating language. This problem, surely, can be solved but how? The primary aim of this article is to investigate the heterogeneous communication process in the terms of possible breakdown which happens to all people while communicating, so that they are unable to get their messages across express what they mean and what they understand. The author highlights crucial strategies toward solving these disruptions.