scholarly journals Calculating radiation dose rate from online real-time environmental -spectrum using NaI(Tl) detector

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Thu Bac Vuong ◽  
Hoang Tuan Truong ◽  
Duc Thang Duong ◽  
Dac Dung Bui ◽  
Duc Viet Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Ambient Dose

Calculating gamma radiation dose rate from online real-time environmental gamma spectrum using NaI(Tl) detector has been developed into a software named RADAPROC V.1 in the Center for Operating the National Network of Environmental Radiation Monitoring And Warning (CONNERMAW). Currently, hundreds of online gamma spectra per day from online monitoring stations are processed to calculate the total ambient dose equivalent rate and the ambient dose equivalent rate of typical natural radioactive isotopes such as K-40, Bi-214, Tl-208 according to the method of using the function G(E) and the photo-peak area method. The calculated results have been compared with the results of calculating the dose rate from the specific activity of radioactive isotopes in soil samples collected at the same monitoring location and analyzed in the laboratory. The difference between the methods is less than 25%. The ambient dose equivalent rates of typical natural radioactive isotopes are a bit higher than those calculated with SARA-NMC software. The software will be improved shortly for better results.

scholarly journals Radiation survey around “the 30th shipyard” company: 30 years after the accident

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 674-681
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Titov ◽  
Natalia K. Shandala ◽  
Dmitry V. Isaev ◽  
Natalya Y. Novikova ◽  
Vladimir A. Seregin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Solid Radioactive Waste ◽  
60Co Activity ◽  
Radioactive Trace ◽  
Ambient Dose

Introduction. The objective of this work was the radiation survey in the vicinity of “The 30th Shipyard” Company. The studies were carried out during the period between 2014 and 2016 within the supervision area and in the area of the radioactive trace formed after the accident of 1985 in the nuclear submarine.Material and methods. The following methods were used in the course of the survey: pedestrian gamma surveys, gamma spectrometry measurements of radionuclides using a gamma spectrometer, and radiochemical extraction of 90Sr, followed by measurement of its activity at radiometric installations.Results. Gamma ambient dose equivalent rate within the supervision area beyond the radioactive trace varies within the range between 0.09 and 0.18 µSv/h. The specific activities of 90Sr, 137Cs, and 235U in soil do not exceed 11, 34, and 5.8 Bq/kg, respectively. The specific activity of 60Co in the soil of the Dunay village is lower 0.42 Bq/kg and does not exceed 4.9 Bq/kg at the rest part of the supervision area. The area of the radioactive trace limited by 0.13 µSv/h iso-line does not exceed 0.5 km2, while that limited by 0.3 µSv/h iso-line - 0.0063 km2. Within the area of the trace, the highest value of the gamma dose rate accounts for 0.60 µSv/h. Soils contaminated with emergency radionuclides do not belong to solid radioactive waste. Emergency radionuclides migrated in soil up to 20 cm depth. Today, 137Cs is firmly fixed in the soil. 40-45% of 60Co activity is in acid-soluble form. Under specific conditions, it can migrate deep into the soil and be accessible to plants.Conclusions. Within the supervision area of “The 30th Shipyard” Company, except for the area of the radioactive contamination trace induced by the accident, the radiation situation is the same as that in the area of the Primorskiy Krai. The soil of the radioactive trace does not belong to solid radioactive waste. In the future, the improvement of the radiation situation on the trace will be mainly due to the physical decay of radionuclides.

scholarly journals Correlation between calculated and measured values of gamma dose rate in air in forests contaminated with 137Cs: the remote period after the Chernobyl accident

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery P. Ramzaev ◽  
Anatoly N. Barkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Air Kerma Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose

In 2015–2016, 13 forest and 7 virgin grassland plots located in the south-western districts of the Bryansk region were surveyed. The aim of the work was to experimentally test the possibility of using a method for calculating the dose rate of gamma radiation in air in radioactively contaminated forests in a remote period after the Chernobyl accident. According to the results of gamma-spectrometric analysis of soil samples obtained at the sites in another study, the values of inventory and vertical distribution of 137Cs in the upper 20 cm layer were established. In this paper, these data were used to calculate the air kerma rate using a method taken from literature. In addition, at the sites of soil sampling, ambient dose equivalent rate in air was measured, and the contribution of 137Cs to the total gamma dose rate was determined with a field gamma spectrometer-dosemeter. The measured values of the ambient dose equivalent rate from 137Cs correlated positively and statistically significantly with the calculated values of the air kerma rate. The Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.989 (P < 0.01) for the location “forest” and 0.893 (P < 0.05) for the location “grassland”. There was no statistically significant difference between the “forest” and “grassland” locations when analyzing the ratio of the measured dose rate values to the calculated dose rate values (the Mann-Whitney U test, P > 0.05). Results of this work show that, when calculating gamma radiation dose rate in air in forests at a remote stage after the Chernobyl accident, it is enough to know the 137Cs inventory in the upper 20 cm soil layer and a detailed picture of vertical distribution of the radionuclide in this layer. The presence of woody biomass can be neglected. This dose rate estimate is conservative. However, a degree of overestimation of the dose rate in air is small, within +10%, which is quite acceptable for determining the external effective dose rate for an individual in the radioactively contaminated forest.

Radiation Survey in the Area of Peaceful Nuclear Explosion «Takhta-Kugulta»

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
A. Titov ◽  
N. Shandala ◽  
D. Isaev ◽  
Yu. Bel'skih ◽  
M. Semenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Surface Contamination ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Tritium Content ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Ambient Dose

Purpose: Radiation survey in the area of peaceful nuclear explosion «Takhta-Kagylta» in the Stavropol Region. Material and methods: Radiation survey was performed on the territory of the protected area and on the territory of the 30-km zone from the explosion site. Methods of pedestrian gamma survey with a portable spectrometric complex Multirad-M were used in the course of the survey, along with gamma spectrometric and radiochemical measurements of radionuclide activities in samples and radiochemical separation of 90Sr and 137Cs. The measurement of tritium activity concentration in water was carried out using a low-background liquid alpha-beta radiometer Quantulus-1220. Results: The highest average value of gamma ambient dose equivalent rate was obtained in the area of the peaceful nuclear explosion site. A value of ambient dose equivalent rate at the area between the site and Kevsala village is lower than on the site, but higher than in Kevsala village and in other settlements. The mean value of the surface contamination of soil with 137Cs on the site was 0.43 kBq/m2, while that of 90Sr was 0.055 kBq/m2. Average values of soil surface contamination with radionuclides in the settlements located in the area of the explosion vary over the range between 0.16 and 0.37 kBq/m2 for 137Cs and between 0.035 and 0.066 kBq/m2 for 90Sr. 241Am specific activity values were below the minimum detectable activity (0.01 – 0.04 kBq/m2 at the time of the soil sample measurement of 10–30 h). The contents of 3H, 90Sr and 137Cs radionuclides in drinking water and water of the surface water reservoirs is significantly lower than the intervention levels established in NRB-99/2009. Conclusions: Radiation situation at the location of the technological well complies with the requirements of SanPiN 2.6.1.2819-10 “Radiation Safety and Protection of the Population Living in the Areas of Peaceful Nuclear Explosions (1965 – 1988)”, and does not pose a threat to the health of the population when staying there. It is necessary to arrange the territory of the protection area and technological (charging) well in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.6.1.2819–10. Within the framework of long-term radiation monitoring, it is necessary to provide for the monitoring of the tritium content in the produced gas and in the groundwater of the Krasnogvardeiskoe deposit (located in the direction of the spread of groundwater from the location of the peaceful nuclear explosion).

Estimating the terrestrial gamma dose rate by decomposition of the ambient dose equivalent rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 296-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bossew ◽  
G. Cinelli ◽  
M. Hernández-Ceballos ◽  
N. Cernohlawek ◽  
V. Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Gamma Dose Rate ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Ambient Dose

Comprehensive Organizational and Methodical Approaches to Decommissioning of Radwaste Repositories

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
А. Майзик ◽  
A. Mayzik ◽  
И. Кореньков ◽  
I. Korenkov ◽  
А. Цовьянов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Ambient Dose

Purpose: Development of comprehensive organizational and methodical approaches to decommissioning of shallow radwaste (RW) repositories. Material and methods: The following researches were conducted during assessment of radiation and hygiene situation: - assessing the state of physical barriers of repositories (tanks) of solid and liquid RW; - assessing radiation situation at the repository site before and after remediation; - measuring specific activity of 90Sr and 137Cs in ground and subsurface water, core sample, soils, building structures. Methods: on foot gamma survey; gamma-ray spectrometric measurement of radionuclides in environmental samples using a stationary spectrometer; radiochemical extraction of radionuclides and their radiometry. Results: The surveys were performed in 2014–2016. They delivered data on gamma dose rate at the RW repository site, specific activity of 90Sr and 137Cs in ground and subsurface water, core sample, soils, building structures. The surveys showed that content of 90Sr in subsurface water varied from 0.25 to 0.4 Bq/kg, while content of 137Cs was below the detection threshold (0.01 Bq per sample). It was founded that distribution of 90Sr and 137Cs in soil (core sample) forming the top layer of the area is highly uneven. In some cases specific activity of soil exceeded 1000 Bq/kg (C-23 well at the depth of 2.75 m and C-24 well at the depth of 5 m). In all other cases specific activity of the core sample did not exceed 10 Bq/kg, and specific activity of soil was up to 50 Bq/kg which is over background values. The ambient dose equivalent rate at the site varied from 0.1 to 0.3 µSv/h. After remediation activities content of radionuclides in soil and subsurface water was at the levels of background values. More than 6700 measurements were performed (more than 2400 measurements of the ambient dose equivalent rate, more than 4100 measurements of beta-contamination of work surfaces and equipment, and more than 200 measurements of specific and volumetric activity of environmental samples). Conclusions: This work allowed to substantiate technical solutions, procedure of RW accounting and control, using of shelters and mobile systems for radiation safety of the personnel and environmental protection. It was demonstrated that average external radiation doses for the workers involved in decommissioning activities did not exceed 0.7 mSv (variation from 0.16 to 1.7 mSv), while internal radiation doses varied from 0.35 to 3.3 µSv. Density of beta-contamination of the site did not exceed 38 beta-particles/(cm2∙min) which corresponds to background values. The ambient dose equivalent rate of the site was within 0.09-0.15 µSv/h after the work has been done.

scholarly journals Study of the screening survey using an ambient dose equivalent rate survey meter in criticality accidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (0) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Katsuya Hoshi ◽  
Norio Tsujimura ◽  
Tadayoshi Yoshida ◽  
Osamu Kurihara ◽  
Eunjoo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Criticality Accidents ◽  
Screening Survey ◽  
Ambient Dose

Correction Coefficients for Measuring the Ambient Dose Equivalent Rate of Neutrons

ANRI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Alexander Alexeev ◽  
Vladimir Pikalov ◽  
Pavel Alexeev
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Ambient Dose

Calculations of the response for the most widely used neutron dosimeters at the Russian nuclear power plant (NPP) have been performed. It is shown that in some cases it is necessary to introduce a correction for the measured value of the ambient dose equivalent rate (AEDR). The experimentally tested values of the correction for measuring AEDR in the containment rooms of NPP with VVER-1200 are given.

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