Stroke in Young Adults: A Prospective Study from Northwestern Nigeria

Background. Stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults especially in developing countries. This two-centre prospective study aimed at reviewing the pattern, types, and case fatality of stroke in the young adults in Northwestern part of Nigeria. Methods. Consecutive patients aged 18–40 years admitted to the medical wards of two tertiary hospitals from June 2008 to August 2010 were recruited. Relevant clinical data were obtained from the patients.The survivors were followed up in neurology clinics for 6 months. Results. A total of 71 patients aged 18–40 yrs, (mean age was ) comprising 52(73%) males and 19(23%) females were enrolled. Forty two (59.1%) patients had infarctive stroke. The risk factors included hypertension (74.7%) patients, smoking (50.7%), hypercholesterolemia (9.9%), non-hypertensive cardiac diseases (8.5%), HIV (8.5%), diabetes mellitus (4.2%) cocaine and amphetamine (2.8%), and sickle cell disease (2.8%). Only twelve (17%) patients presented within the first 6 hours of onset of stroke. Seventeen (23.9 %) patients died, case fatality in the first 24 and 72 hrs was 4.2% and 19.7%, respectively. Conclusion. Our data suggests that stroke in young adults is not as uncommon as previously suggested. Hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, cardiac diseases and HIV are the most common risk factors.

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Risk factors, etiology, and outcome of ischemic stroke in young adults: A Japanese multicenter prospective study

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jns.2020.117068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 417 ◽

pp. 117068

Author(s):

Yu Kono ◽

Yuka Terasawa ◽

Kenichiro Sakai ◽

Yasuyuki Iguchi ◽

Yasuhiro Nishiyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

Multicenter Prospective Study ◽

Stroke In Young

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A prospective study of stroke in young adults in Cantabria, Spain.

Stroke ◽

10.1161/01.str.24.6.792 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 792-795 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

C Leno ◽

J Berciano ◽

O Combarros ◽

J M Polo ◽

J Pascual ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Stroke In Young

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Abstract WMP53: Traditional Vascular Risk Factors Account for Different Proportions of Ischemic Stroke Within Different Gender and Race Groups

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wmp53 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth M Aradine ◽

Yan Hou ◽

Kathleen A Ryan ◽

Prachi Mehndiratta ◽

Michael S Phipps ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Black Men ◽

White Men ◽

Vascular Risk Factors ◽

Vascular Risk ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

Stroke In Young

Introduction: Few studies have compared the proportion of ischemic strokes attributable to traditional vascular risk factors (population-attributable risk percent or PAR%) between genders and races. The PAR% is a function of the population prevalence and strength of association of a risk factor. Methods: A population-based case-control study of ischemic stroke in young adults ages 18-49 in the Baltimore-Washington region was used to study the prevalence, odds ratios, and PAR% of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking among blacks and whites. Logistic regression was used to calculate age-adjusted odds ratios. All analyses were stratified by gender. Results: There were 1044 cases and 1099 controls. Of the cases, 47% were black, 54% were women. Roughly a quarter to a third of all strokes in women were attributable to smoking. Due to the higher prevalence of hypertension and a higher odds ratio for hypertension in black men (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.6-5.9) compared to white men (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), there was a much higher PAR% for hypertension among black men than white men. See Table 1 for prevalence and Table 2 for PAR% stratified by gender and race. Conclusion: Traditional vascular risk factors have the potential to explain a high proportion of ischemic stroke in young adults. The high proportion of strokes in women attributable to smoking underscores the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions in this population. Diabetes and, especially, hypertension are important contributors to the excess population burden of ischemic stroke among blacks. These findings support the value of early screening and treatment for hypertension in young blacks.

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A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON PERSON-RELATED RISK FACTORS FOR SPORTS INJURIES IN YOUNG ADULTS.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/00005768-199505001-01273 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 27 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S227

Author(s):

W. V. Mechelen ◽

J. Twisk ◽

A. Molendijk ◽

B. Blom ◽

J. Snel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Sports Injuries ◽

Related Risk ◽

A Prospective Study

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Young Adult with Headache and Blurred Vision

10.1093/med/9780190495541.003.0018 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Ji Y. Chong ◽

Michael P. Lerario

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Young Adult ◽

Vascular Risk ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Blurred Vision ◽

Younger Patients ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

Extensive Evaluation ◽

Stroke In Young

Traditional vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol can contribute to stroke in young adults. In the absence of typical risk factors in a young patient, a more extensive evaluation is needed. Other, more unusual causes of stroke can include autoimmune, infectious, hematological, and toxic etiologies. Often, despite an exhaustive workup, the mechanism of stroke remains cryptogenic in younger patients.

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