scholarly journals Dispersal Patterns, Mating Strategy and Genetic Diversity in the Short Nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in Southern India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangavel Karuppudurai ◽  
Steffi Christiane Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Mating Strategy ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Cynopterus Sphinx ◽  
Common Plant

The short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx is a common plant-visiting bat that is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Malayan region. In this chapter, we discuss the dispersal patterns, mating strategy and genetic diversity in the short-nosed fruit bat C. sphinx. We used a broad-range of techniques, including mark-recapture, radio-telemetry and molecular biology analyses. Our studies uncovered unique aspects of the dispersal, mating system and genetic diversity of these bats. Both the sexes of C. sphinx were found to disperse completely from the natal harems before subadult stage and young female C. sphinx become members of a harem much earlier than their male counterparts. The nonharem males are reproductively active, gain access to harem females and sire more offspring in July–August breeding season than March–April breeding season and presumably obtain some reproductive success. Our molecular study shows that considerable genetic diversity was observed in this species from different zonal populations, possibly due to complete dispersal of juveniles of both the sexes from their natal groups and gene flow between the zones. All these studies suggest not only a predictive framework for future studies, but also the use of these data in the management and meaningful conservation of this species.

Dispersal patterns of the short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Gopukumar ◽  
T. Karuppudurai ◽  
D.P. Swami Doss
Keyword(s):  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Cynopterus Sphinx

scholarly journals Altitudinal movements and conservation of Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabricollis of the Tilarán Mountains, Costa Rica

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johel Chaves-Campos ◽  
J. Edgardo Arévalo ◽  
Mariamalia Araya
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Fruit Breeding ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Fruit Abundance ◽  
Transect Counts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Elevations

Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabricollis is endemic to Costa Rica and western Panama. It eats fruit, breeding at high elevations (≥ 800 m) and migrating to lower elevations during the non-breeding season. Using data from transect counts and radio-telemetry, we monitored bird movements in a protected area (Monteverde–Arenal–San Ramón reserves) in the Tilarán Mountains, Costa Rica. We also monitored fruit abundance along an altitudinal gradient to explore the potential relationship between bird movements and the abundance of the fruits this species consumed. The presence and abundance of umbrellabirds at high elevations (1,400 m) during the breeding season (March–June) coincided with the highest peak of fruit abundance. The presence of umbrellabirds in the lowlands (400 m) during the non-breeding season overlapped with the period of highest fruit abundance at these elevations. At middle elevations, bird presence and abundance did not correlate with fruit abundance. Radio-tagged birds left the protected area during the non-breeding season and there were no umbrellabirds inside the protected area during this period. Habitats where this species bred were well represented in the protected area but the habitat where they spent the non-breeding season was poorly represented, and was not adequately protected. This represents a potential threat to this species in the Tilarán Mountains.

Role of olfactory bulb serotonin in olfactory learning in the greater short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 1352 ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambigapathy Ganesh ◽  
Wieslaw Bogdanowicz ◽  
Moritz Haupt ◽  
Ganapathy Marimuthu ◽  
Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Olfactory Learning ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Cynopterus Sphinx

Space fit for a king: spatial ecology of king cobras (Ophiophagus hannah) in Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, Northeastern Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Michael Marshall ◽  
Colin Thomas Strine ◽  
Max Dolton Jones ◽  
Taksin Artchawakom ◽  
Ines Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽  
Ophiophagus Hannah

Abstract A species’ spatial ecology has direct implications for that species’ conservation. Far-ranging species may be more difficult to conserve because their movements increase their chances of encountering humans. The movements can take them out of protected areas, which is especially risky for species that are routinely persecuted. The king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), a large venomous elapid, is subject to anthropogenic pressures, such as persecution and habitat loss. Here we present results from a study using radio telemetry to quantify movements and habitat use of nine king cobras in and around a protected area in Northeast Thailand. This study is the first investigation into the movements and habitat use of king cobras outside of the Western Ghats, India. On average, the tracked king cobra’s use areas of 493.42 ± 335.60 ha (95% fixed kernel), moving 183.24 ± 82.63 m per day. King cobras did not remain in intact forested area. Five of the individuals frequently used the human-dominated agricultural areas surrounding the protected area, appearing to make regular use of irrigation canals. Two adult males showed increases in movements during the breeding season. One male’s increased breeding season range caused him to venture beyond the protected area, shifting his habitat use from intact forests to scrub in human-dominated areas. King cobras’ large home range and willingness to use anthropogenic landscapes merits special consideration from conservation planners.

Male Chemical Signalling to Recruit Females in the Greater Short-Nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbalagan Rathinakumar ◽  
Murugavel Baheerathan ◽  
Barbara A. Caspers ◽  
Joseph J. Erinjery ◽  
Perumalswamy Kaliraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Chemical Signalling ◽  
Cynopterus Sphinx

scholarly journals First Insight into a Nationwide Genotypic Diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong Previously Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Benin, West Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dissou Affolabi ◽  
N’Dira Sanoussi ◽  
Sergio Codo ◽  
Fréderic Sogbo ◽  
Prudence Wachinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Insight Into

Background. Molecular studies on tuberculosis (TB) are rare in low-resource countries like Benin, where data on molecular study on previously treated TB cases is unavailable.Materials and Methods. From January to December 2014, all smear- and culture-positive previously treated pulmonary TB patients from all TB clinics were systematically recruited. Drug susceptibility testing and spoligotyping were performed on all isolates.Results. Of the 100 patients recruited, 71 (71.0%) were relapse cases and 24 (24.0%) were failure cases, while 5 (5.0%) were default cases. Resistance rate to any first-line drug was 40.0%, while 12.0% of strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and no strain was extensively drug-resistant (XDR). A total of 40 distinct spoligotypes were found to be corresponding to a genotypic diversity of 40.0%. ST61 was the most predominant spoligotype with prevalence of 33.0%. In all, 31 single spoligotypes and nine clusters were observed with 2 to 33 strains per cluster giving a clustering rate of 69.0%. Euro-American (Lineage 4) was the most prevalent lineage (74.0%) and Lineage 2 was associated with resistance to streptomycin.Conclusion. This first insight into genetic diversity of previously treated pulmonary TB patients in Benin showed a relatively high genetic diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosis.

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