scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Wildlife Resources in Southern Africa: Experience from Selected Protected Areas in Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga L. Kupika ◽  
Edson Gandiwa ◽  
Shakkie Kativu ◽  
Godwell Nhamo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change on wind erosion in southern Africa during 1991–2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaonan Zhao ◽  
Hanbing Zhang ◽  
Man Wang ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Jian Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Impact and uncertainty of climate projections on Alpine catchments using high-resolution models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Sebastian Moraga ◽  
Nadav Peleg ◽  
Simone Fatichi ◽  
Peter Molnar ◽  
Paolo Burlando
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Internal Climate Variability ◽  
Mountainous Catchments ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
Alpine Catchments ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

<p>Hydrological processes in mountainous catchments will be subject to climate change on all scales, and their response is expected to vary considerably in space. Typical hydrological studies, which use coarse climate data inputs obtained from General Circulation Models (GCM) and Regional Climate Models (RCM), focus mostly on statistics at the outlet of the catchments, overlooking the effects within the catchments. Furthermore, the role of uncertainty, especially originated from natural climate variability, is rarely analyzed. In this work, we quantified the impacts of climate change on hydrological components and determined the sources of uncertainties in the projections for two mostly natural Swiss alpine catchments: Kleine Emme and Thur. Using a two-dimensional weather generator, AWE-GEN-2d, and based on nine different GCM-RCM model chains, we generated high-resolution (2 km, 1 hour) ensembles of gridded climate inputs until the end of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. The simulated variables were subsequently used as inputs into the fully distributed hydrological model Topkapi-ETH to estimate the changes in hydrological statistics at 100-m and hourly resolutions. Increased temperatures (by 4°C, on average) and changes in precipitation (decrease over high elevations by up to 10%, and increase at the lower elevation by up to 15%) results in increased evapotranspiration rates in the order of 10%, up to a 50% snowmelt, and drier soil conditions. These changes translate into important shifts in streamflow seasonality at the outlet of the catchments, with a significant increase during the winter months (up to 40%) and a reduction during the summer (up to 30%). Analysis at the sub-catchment scale reveals elevation-dependent hydrological responses: mean annual streamflow, as well as high and low flow extremes, are projected to decrease in the uppermost sub-catchments and increase in the lower ones. Furthermore, we computed the uncertainty of the estimations and compared them to the magnitude of the change signal. Although the signal-to-noise-ratio of extreme streamflow for most sub-catchments is low (below 0.5) there is a clear elevation dependency. In every case, internal climate variability (as opposed to climate model uncertainty) explains most of the uncertainty, averaging 85% for maximum and minimum flows, and 60% for mean flows. The results highlight the importance of modelling the distributed impacts of climate change on mountainous catchments, and of taking into account the role of internal climate variability in hydrological projections.</p>

scholarly journals Can protected areas mitigate the impacts of climate change on bird's species and communities?

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Gaüzère ◽  
Frédéric Jiguet ◽  
Vincent Devictor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Impacts of climate change on water resources in southern Africa: A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 67-69 ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kusangaya ◽  
Michele L. Warburton ◽  
Emma Archer van Garderen ◽  
Graham P.W. Jewitt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals The capacity to adapt?: communities in a changing climate, environment, and economy on the northern Andaman coast of Thailand

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Bennett ◽  
Philip Dearden ◽  
Alin Kadfak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The health and productivity of marine ecosystems, habitats, and fisheries are deteriorating on the Andaman coast of Thailand. Because of their high dependence on natural resources and proximity to the ocean, coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to climate-induced changes in the marine environment. These communities must also adapt to the impacts of management interventions and conservation initiatives, including marine protected areas, which have livelihood implications. Further, communities on the Andaman coast are also experiencing a range of new economic opportunities associated in particular with tourism and agriculture. These complex and ongoing changes require integrated assessment of, and deliberate planning to increase, the adaptive capacity of communities so that they may respond to: (1) environmental degradation and fisheries declines through effective management interventions or conservation initiatives, (2) new economic opportunities to reduce dependence on fisheries, and (3) the increasing impacts of climate change. Our results are from a mixed methods study, which used surveys and interviews to examine multiple dimensions of the adaptive capacity of seven island communities near marine protected areas on the Andaman coast of Thailand. Results show that communities had low adaptive capacity with respect to environmental degradation and fisheries declines, and to management and conservation interventions, as well as uneven levels of adaptive capacity to economic opportunities. Though communities and households were experiencing the impacts of climate change, especially storm events, changing seasons and weather patterns, and erosion, they were reacting to these changes with limited knowledge of climate change per se. We recommend interventions, in the form of policies, programs, and actions, at multiple scales for increasing the adaptive capacity of Thailand’s coastal communities to change. The analytical and methodological approach used for examining adaptive capacity could be easily modified and applied to other contexts and locales.

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