scholarly journals Deinstitutionalization through Business Model Evolution: Women Entrepreneurs in the Middle East and North Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Hunt ◽  
Lauren L. Ortiz-Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Business Model ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Model Evolution

scholarly journals Women Entrepreneurs in the Middle East and North Africa Region

1970 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Carmen Niethammer
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World Bank ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Male Rate ◽  
Force Potential

Women in the Middle East and North Africa (MNA) comprise a large untapped economic resource. Indeed, a 2003 World Bank Report1 concludes that had MNA countries utilized their female labor force potential as other regions did, per capita income would have grown by an additional 0.7 percent during the 1990s. This would also have translated into a 20-25 percent increase in net family income had women worked outside the home. But the reality is starkly different; gender unemployment gaps in the region are the highest in the world with the female unemployment rate being six percentage points higher than the male rate (2003

The promise and peril of youth entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Krafft ◽  
Reham Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multinomial Logit Models ◽  
Youth Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Unemployed

PurposeEntrepreneurship is promoted as a solution to high rates of youth unemployment around the world and especially in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This paper investigates the potential for youth entrepreneurship to alleviate unemployment, focusing on Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine who entrepreneurs are (in comparison to the unemployed), using multinomial logit models. The authors compare entrepreneurs' and wage workers' working conditions and earnings. They exploit panel data to assess earnings and occupational dynamics. They specifically use the Labor Market Panel Surveys of 2012 (Egypt), 2016 (Jordan), and 2014 (Tunisia), along with previous waves.FindingsThe authors find that entrepreneurs are the opposite of the unemployed in MENA. The unemployed are disproportionately young, educated and women. Entrepreneurs are older, less educated and primarily men. Entrepreneurship does not generally lead to higher earnings and does have fewer benefits.Originality/valuePromoting youth entrepreneurship is not only unlikely to be successful in reducing youth unemployment in MENA, but also, if successful, may even be harmful to youth.

Press Propaganda and Subaltern Agents of Pan-Islamic Networks in the Muslim Mediterranean World prior to World War I

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World War I ◽  
North Africa ◽  
World War ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
The Press ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
History Of

This chapter explores movement and circulation across the Mediterranean and seeks to contribute to a history of proto-nationalism in the Maghrib and the Middle East at a particular moment prior to World War I. The discussion is particularly concerned with the interface of two Mediterranean spaces: the Middle East (Egypt, Ottoman Empire) and North Africa (Morocco), where the latter is viewed as a case study where resistance movements sought external allies as a way of compensating for their internal weakness. Applying methods developed by Subaltern Studies, and linking macro-historical approaches, namely of a translocal movement in the Muslim Mediterranean, it explores how the Egypt-based society, al-Ittihad al-Maghribi, through its agent, Aref Taher, used the press as an instrument for political propaganda, promoting its Pan-Islamic programme and its goal of uniting North Africa.

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