scholarly journals Azole Antifungal Resistance in Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Isolated from Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloofar Deravi ◽  
Mobina Fathi ◽  
Seyede Nadia Tabatabaeifar ◽  
Parichehr Pooransari ◽  
Bahram Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Iranian Patients

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the most frequent fungal disorder in healthy and normal women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, the two most common candida species in Iranian patients with VVC. Methods: One hundred and eight clinical isolates of candida, including; C. albicans (n = 77) and C. glabrata: (n = 31) were isolated from the 108 patients with VVC. The in vitro activity of caspofungin (CAS), amphotericin B (AMB), voriconazole (VRC), itraconazole (ITC), fluconazole (FLC), and nystatin (NYS) were determined according to the CLSI M27-A3 and CLSI M27-S4. Results: Our results were shown 8 (25.8 %) and 6 (7.8 %) C. glabrata and C. albicans isolates resistance to FLU, respectively. Furthermore, resistance to VRC and ITC were observed in 8.4%, and 3.7% of all isolates, and six isolates (5.6%) had intermediate MIC to CAS. Conclusions: We reported 8 (25.8 %) and 6 (7.8 %) C. glabrata and C. albicans isolates resistance to FLU, respectively. Furthermore, resistance to VRC and ITC were observed in 8.4% and 3.7% of all isolates, respectively.

scholarly journals Azasordarins: Susceptibility of Fluconazole-Susceptible and Fluconazole-Resistant Clinical Isolates ofCandida spp. to GW 471558

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1905-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Cuenca-Estrella ◽  
Emilia Mellado ◽  
Teresa M. Dı́az-Guerra ◽  
Araceli Monzón ◽  
Juan L. Rodrı́guez-Tudela
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Candida Lusitaniae

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of the azasordarin GW 471558 was compared with those of amphotericin B, flucytosine, itraconazole, and ketoconazole against 177 clinical isolates of Candidaspp. GW 471558 showed potent activity against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis, even against isolates with decreased susceptibility to azoles. Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida lusitaniae, and Candida guilliermondii are resistant to GW 471558 in vitro (MICs, >128 μg/ml).

In vitro activity of olorofim against clinical isolates of Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans using EUCAST and CLSI methodologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3582-3585
Author(s):  
Olga Rivero-Menendez ◽  
Manuel Cuenca-Estrella ◽  
Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Scedosporium Apiospermum ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Scedosporium Dehoogii ◽  
Scedosporium Species

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the in vitro activity of olorofim, a new broad-spectrum antifungal with a novel mechanism of action, against a collection of 123 Spanish clinical isolates belonging to five Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans. Methods The activity of olorofim against Scedosporium apiospermum (n = 30), Scedosporium boydii (n = 30), Scedosporium ellipsoideum (n = 10), Scedosporium aurantiacum (n = 20), Scedosporium dehoogii (n = 3) and Lomentospora prolificans (n = 30) was compared with that of amphotericin B, voriconazole, isavuconazole and micafungin by performing EUCAST and CLSI reference methods for antifungal susceptibility testing. Results Amphotericin B and isavuconazole showed MICs ≥2 mg/L for all the species evaluated and voriconazole was moderately active (GM, MIC50 and MIC90 values ≤2 mg/L) against all of them except L. prolificans. Micafungin was effective against S. apiospermum complex strains, but exhibited elevated MECs for S. dehoogii and S. aurantiacum. Olorofim showed low MICs for all the Scedosporium strains tested (GM values were lower than 0.130 and 0.339 by the EUCAST method and the CLSI method, respectively, for all of the species), including those belonging to the MDR species L. prolificans, for which GM values were 0.115 and 0.225 mg/L by the EUCAST method and the CLSI method, respectively, while the GMs for the rest of the antifungals evaluated were higher than 3.732 mg/L using both methodologies. Conclusions Olorofim displayed promising in vitro activity against the Scedosporium and L. prolificans strains tested, some of which have reduced susceptibility to the antifungals that are currently in use.

scholarly journals Mutations in the fks1 Gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei Correlate with Elevated Caspofungin MICs Uncovered in AM3 Medium Using the Method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 3092-3098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Desnos-Ollivier ◽  
Stéphane Bretagne ◽  
Dorothée Raoux ◽  
Damien Hoinard ◽  
Françoise Dromer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
European Committee ◽  
Rpmi Medium

ABSTRACT Mutations in two specific regions of the Fks1 subunit of 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase are known to confer decreased caspofungin susceptibility on Candida spp. Clinical isolates of Candida spp. (404 Candida albicans, 62 C. tropicalis, and 21 C. krusei isolates) sent to the French National Reference Center were prospectively screened for susceptibility to caspofungin in vitro by the broth microdilution reference method of the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AFST-EUCAST). Twenty-eight isolates (25 C. albicans, 2 C. tropicalis, and 1 C. krusei isolate) for which the caspofungin MIC was above the MIC that inhibited 90% of the isolates of the corresponding species (MIC90) were subjected to molecular analysis in order to identify mutations in the fks1 gene. Substitutions in the deduced protein sequence of Fks1 were found for 8 isolates, and 20 isolates had the wild-type sequence. Among the six C. albicans isolates harboring mutations, six patterns were observed involving amino acid changes at positions 641, 645, 649, and 1358. For C. tropicalis, one isolate showed an L644W mutation, and for one C. krusei isolate, two mutations, L658W and L701M, were found. Two media, RPMI medium and AM3, were tested for their abilities to distinguish between isolates with wild-type Fks1 and those with mutant Fks1. In RPMI medium, caspofungin MICs ranged from 0.25 to 2 μg/ml for wild-type isolates and from 1 to 8 μg/ml for mutant isolates. A sharper difference was observed in AM3: all wild-type isolates were inhibited by 0.25 μg/ml of caspofungin, while caspofungin MICs for all mutant isolates were ≥0.5 μg/ml. These data demonstrate that clinical isolates of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei with decreased susceptibility to caspofungin in vitro have diverse mutations in the fks1 gene and that AM3 is potentially a better medium than RPMI for distinguishing between mutant and wild-type isolates using the AFST-EUCAST method.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Candida spp. obtained from patients with different predisposing factors to candidosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia M. Pinto ◽  
Rita de Cássia Botelho Weikert-Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Pereira Lyon ◽  
Verônica F. Cury ◽  
Rodrigo R. Arantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

scholarly journals In vitro effects of glycyrrhetinic acid and hyaluronic acid on the growth of vulvovaginal Candida albicans and other yeasts

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Stevan ◽  
Eleonora Fusato ◽  
Decio Armanini ◽  
Giulio Bertoloni ◽  
Francesco De Seta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽  
National Committee ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Aims. The present study aimed to test the in vitro activity against Candida albicans and non-albicans strains of 18-β glycyrrhetinic acid (18-β GA) and hyaluronic acid (HA), both alone and in combination. This antimicrobial activity was assessed using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) method on Candida strains that were isolated from patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). Results. Our results demonstrate that the anti-Candida activity is independent from antifungal susceptibility level and the fact that the growth inhibition is stronger at acidic pH level makes the two drugs a promising biological alternative for the topical treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and RVVC. Conclusions. Furthermore, the reduction of both budding cells formation and germ tube elongation, on mammalian cell monolayers, may explain the observed growth inhibition and suggest a decreased virulence, respectively.

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