scholarly journals Professors’ Valuation Criteria from the Perspective of Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Using Shannon’s Entropy Technique in 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Kavosi ◽  
Sayad Bayat Nasab ◽  
Ali Reza Yusefi
Author(s):  
. Hasnahena ◽  
Subaran Chandra Sarker ◽  
Md. Sahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Zakiur Rahman

Analyzing the spatio-temporal growth of the built-up areas of any urban place is incredibly much vital for the proper planning and development of the urban areas. The present study emphasizes on determining the rate and pattern of spatio-temporal growth of Rangpur City Corporation (RpCC) for the year of 1989, 2000, 2010, and 2017 through Shannon's Entropy with the help of GIS and remote sensing techniques. The Shannon's Entropy technique was adopted in order to determining the dispersion or compactness in the pattern of the built-up areas in the study area. In the present study, Lands at Operational Land Imager (OLI), Lands at Thematic Mapper (TM) and Lands at Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) satellite images on the year of 1989, 2000, 2010, and 2017 were analyzed for certain interpretations. The changes of the built-up areas in RpCC were identified and determined through supervised classification using ArcMap10.5 software. The study indicated that spatio-temporal growth of the built-up areas have been in RpCC was existed during 1989-2017. The built-up areas increased by 5.89 Sq.km. during 1989 -2000, 32.23 Sq.km. during 2000- 2010 and 18.85 Sq.km. during 2010-2017 and the expansion rate of the built-up areas was 8.02%, 25.64% and 6.01% during 1989-2000, 2000-2010 and 2010-2017 respectively. The relative entropy value of 1989, 2000, 2010 and 2017 was found 0.17, 0.24, 0.47 and 0.53 which interprets that the expansion of the built-up areas was existed in RpCC and the pattern of expansion was dispersed. However, the outcomes of this study will be very helpful to formulate perfect planning and management system regarding the expansion of the built-up areas the built-up areas expansion of RpCC.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Sareminia ◽  
Alireza Hasanzadeh ◽  
Shaaban Elahi ◽  
Gholamali Montazer

In recent years, technological advances have motivated industries, companies and even governments to look for an improved alignment between strategic objectives and technology management, preferably through the application of structured and flexible approaches that use techniques such as technology roadmapping. There are a lot of studies that have presented various models, processes and frameworks to develop technology roadmap and more studies have developed roadmaps based on these contributions. Most of these studies have mentioned that the roadmapping process must be customized in every case. Accordingly, having a model or a framework that represents the most prominent findings of these studies in one view is so helpful for customizing the process. But there is no research that accumulates previous studies and achieving this purpose. This paper presents the outcomes of a Meta-synthesis review of technology roadmapping literature that was published between 1997 and 2016 (73 papers) and develops a framework from important roadmapping components which affected the roadmapping process and roadmaps. Finally, the components of the proposed framework have been evaluated by survey benefiting from experts’ opinion and Shannon’s entropy technique.


Author(s):  
Derya OZTURK

Urban sprawl is one of the most important problems in urban development due to its negative environmental and societal impacts. Therefore, the spatial pattern of urban growth should be accurately analyzed and well understood for effective urban planning. This paper focuses on urban sprawl analysis in the Atakum, Ilkadim and Canik districts of Samsun, Turkey. In this study, urban sprawl was examined over a period of 24 years using Shannon's entropy and fractal analysis based on remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS). The built-up areas in 1989, 2000 and 2013 were extracted from Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images using the maximum likelihood classification method, and urban form changes in the 1989–2013 period were investigated. The Shannon's entropy method was used to determine the degree of urban sprawl, and a fractal analysis method based on box counting was used to characterize the urban sprawl. The results show that Atakum, Ilkadim and Canik experienced important changes and have considerable sprawl and complex characteristics now. The study also revealed that there is no monotonic relationship between Shannon's entropy and fractal dimension.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Ichiro Sano

AbstractRecent studies in Message Oriented Phonology (MOP) have provided increasing evidence that informativity plays a non-trivial role in linguistic behavior. This paper provides a case study of MOP focusing on the durational contrast of singleton and geminate consonants in spoken Japanese. In modern Japanese, short consonants (singletons) and long consonants (geminates) are lexically contrastive, and the durational properties of these consonants are affected by a variety of factors. This provides a useful test of the assumptions of MOP. Based on the assumption that the higher the informativity, the more robustly the contrast is phonetically implemented, this study examines the hypothesis that the durations of singletons and geminates increase or decrease according to the informativity of their durational contrast. The study confirms that (i) the distribution of singletons and geminates is affected by the manner of articulation and positional differences (morpheme-initial, medial, and final); (ii) the distributional differences follow from the informativity of contrasts as represented by Shannon’s entropy; and (iii) the durational contrast is enhanced by the presence or absence of a minimal pair.


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