scholarly journals In vitro efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum and detached leaflet assay on late blight pathogen: Phytophthora infestans

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
J. M. Kilonzi ◽  
J. J. Mafurah ◽  
M. W. Nyongesa
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-91
Author(s):  
Virupaksh U. Patil ◽  
G. Vanishree ◽  
Debasis Pattanayak ◽  
Sanjeev Sharma ◽  
Vinay Bhardwaj ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e1300733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soriya Rin ◽  
Yuri Mizuno ◽  
Yusuke Shibata ◽  
Mayuka Fushimi ◽  
Shinpei Katou ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Hugo F. Rivera ◽  
Erika P. Martínez ◽  
Jairo A. Osorio ◽  
Edgar Martínez

<p>Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, agente causal de la gota de la papa, es considerado la principal limitante de la producción de este cultivo en Colombia. El control habitual del patógeno se realiza con fungicidas de tipo sistémico, que incrementan los costos de producción, pueden inducir la resistencia del patógeno y tiene un impacto negativo en el ambiente. Por tanto, se llevó a cabo este estudio con el propósito de buscar alternativas amigables con el ambiente, que hagan parte de un paquete tecnológico eficaz de control. Dos cepas nativas de Psedomonas fluorescens (039T y 021V), provenientes de cultivos de papa, fueron evaluadas contra P. infestans. Las suspensiones bacterianas y los biosurfactantes parcialmente purificados (BPP), producidos por éstas (obtenidos en medio mínimo de sales con querosén), fueron aplicados sobre foliolos desprendidos en ensayos in vitro y experimentos in vivo en plantas de papa, en condiciones controladas en casa de malla. Los resultados demostraron la capacidad que tienen los biosurfactantes y las suspensiones bacterianas para controlar al patógeno, ya que el BPP 039T logró reducir el nivel de severidad de la enfermedad en 79,9% in vitro y 38,5% in vivo, mientras que el BPP 021V redujo en 78,7% in vitro y 30,2% in vivo. Las suspensiones bacterianas redujeron el nivel de severidad en 72,4% (039T) y 66,1% (021V) en las evaluaciones in vitro y 35% en los experimentos in vivo. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran el potencial que tienen los biosurfactantes para el control de la gota en Colombia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Evaluation of Biosurfactants Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens for Potato Late Blight Control (Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary) Under Controlled Conditions</strong></p><p>Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, causal agent of potato late blight is considered the main limiting pathogen for the production of this crop in Colombia. The usual control of the disease has been performed with systemic fungicides which increase production costs, can induce pathogen resistance and have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, this study was carried out in order to find effective and environmentally friendly control alternatives for potato late blight. Two Pseudomonas fluorescens native strains (039T and 021V) isolated from potato crops were evaluated against P. infestans. Bacterial suspensions (obtained from minimal salts medium added with kerosene) and partially purified biosurfactants (BPP) were applied on detached leaflets for in vitro assays and on potato plants in greenhouse, for in vivo assays and the measure of inhibitory effect of the disease was assessed. The results showed the ability of P. fluorescens biosurfactants and bacterial suspensions to control the pathogen. BPP 039T was able to reduce the level of severity disease by 79.9% in vitro and 38.5% in vivo, whereas BPP 021V decreased 78.7% in vitro and 30.2% in vivo. Bacterial suspensions reduced the severity level in 72.4% (039T) and 66.1% (021V) in vitro assessments and 35% in the in vivo experiment. These results show the potential of P. fluorescens biosurfactants to control the potato late blight in Colombia.</p>


2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 2785-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultana N. Jahan ◽  
Anna K. M. Åsman ◽  
Pádraic Corcoran ◽  
Johan Fogelqvist ◽  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
...  

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 876-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Strömberg ◽  
L. Persson ◽  
M. Wikström

Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, causing late blight on potatoes and considered to be a typical airborne disease, was found to be infective also by oospores in the soil. P. infestans is heterothallic, and is known to reproduce asexually in Sweden since only one mating type, A1, was present until 1986. Since the 1970s, the other mating type, A2, of P. infestans has migrated to most parts of the world from its original location in central Mexico (2). When A1 and A2 meet, they may form oospores, which are thick-walled, resting structures, giving the pathogen a possibility to recombine as well as survive without its host, for instance in the soil. The soil stages of the pathogen are now therefore under intense investigation. Oospores of P. infestans were produced from two Scandinavian A1 and A2 isolates in Rye A broth mixed with talcum powder and dried for 7 weeks. The inoculum was mixed with sterile, standardized soil in concentrations of 10, 150, 250, and 400 oospores per ml of soil. Cv. Bintje plants cultivated in vitro from nodal cuttings on Murashige and Skoog medium were transplanted to the soil after rooting. Brown discolorations were obtained on the underground stems and tubers on potato plants grown in the two highest concentrations of oospores for 1 month at 15°C and 16-h day length. After 3 days of incubation on P. infestans-selective medium (3), sporangia covered the tissue from plants grown in 250 and 400 oospores per ml of soil and the pathogen was reisolated. This shows that germinating oospores of P. infestans can infect underground stems and tubers of potatoes in soil and further explains the early attack of late blight as observed in a potato crop in Sweden 1996 and 1997 (1). References: (1) B. Andersson et al. Potato Res. 41:305, 1998. (2) D. Andrivon. Phytopathology 85:1053, 1995. (3) G. W. Griffith et al. Mycologist 9:87, 1995.


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