Toxicity of differently sized and coated silver nanoparticles to the bacterium Pseudomonas putida

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.7287/peerj.preprints.26v1 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Marianne Matzke ◽

Kerstin Jurkschat ◽

Thomas Backhaus

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

Hazard Assessment ◽

Silver Content ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Environmental Hazard ◽

Growth Inhibition Assay ◽

Further Development ◽

Environmental Hazard Assessment

Aim of this study was to describe the toxicity of a set of different commercially available silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas putida (growth inhibition assay according to ISO 10712) in order to contribute to their environmental hazard assessment. Different AgNP sizes and coatings were selected in order to analyze whether those characteristics are determinants of nanoparticle toxicity. Silver nitrate was tested for comparison. In general Pseudomonas putida reacted very sensitive towards the exposure to silver, with an EC 10 value of 0.058 μg/L for AgNO 3 and between 0.15 and 4.93 µg/L for the different AgNPs (EC 50 values 0.16 µg/L for AgNO3, resp. between 0.25 and 13.5 μg/L for AgNPs). The results indicate that the toxicity is driven by the Ag + ions, implying that an environmental hazard assessment for microorganisms based on total silver concentration and the assumption that AgNPs dissolve is sufficiently protective. The characterization of particle behavior as well as the total and dissolved silver content in the medium during the exposures was not possible due to the high sensitivity of Pseudomonas (test concentrations were well below detection limits), indicating the need for further development in the analytical domain.

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Toxicity of differently sized and coated silver nanoparticles to the bacterium Pseudomonas putida

10.7287/peerj.preprints.26 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Marianne Matzke ◽

Kerstin Jurkschat ◽

Thomas Backhaus

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Environmental Hazard ◽

Ionic Form ◽

Growth Inhibition Assay ◽

Hazard And Risk ◽

Environmental Bacteria ◽

Further Development

Aim of this study was to describe the toxicity of a set of different commercially available silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas putida (growth inhibition assay, ISO 10712) in order to contribute to their environmental hazard and risk assessment. Different AgNP sizes and coatings were selected in order to analyze whether those characteristics are determinants of nanoparticle toxicity. Silver nitrate was tested for comparison. In general Pseudomonas putida reacted very sensitive towards the exposure to silver, with an EC 05 value of 0.043 µ g L-1 for AgNO 3 and between 0.13 and 3.41 µ g L-1 for the different AgNPs (EC 50 values 0.16 µ g L-1 for AgNO3, resp. between 0.25 and 13.5 µ g L-1 for AgNPs). As the ionic form of silver is clearly the most toxic, an environmental hazard assessment for microorganisms based on total silver concentration and the assumption that AgNPs dissolve is sufficiently protective. Neither specific coatings nor certain sizes could be linked to increasing or decreasing toxicity. The characterization of particle behavior as well as the total and dissolved silver content in the medium during the exposures was not possible due to the high sensitivity of Pseudomonas (test concentrations were below detection limits), indicating the need for further development in the analytical domain. Monitored silver concentrations in the aquatic environment span six orders of magnitude (0.1 – 120000 ng L-1 ), which falls into the span of observed EC 05 values and might hence indicate a risk to environmental bacteria.

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Toxicity of differently sized and coated silver nanoparticles to the bacterium Pseudomonas putida

10.7287/peerj.preprints.26v2 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Marianne Matzke ◽

Kerstin Jurkschat ◽

Thomas Backhaus

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Environmental Hazard ◽

Ionic Form ◽

Growth Inhibition Assay ◽

Hazard And Risk ◽

Environmental Bacteria ◽

Further Development

Aim of this study was to describe the toxicity of a set of different commercially available silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas putida (growth inhibition assay, ISO 10712) in order to contribute to their environmental hazard and risk assessment. Different AgNP sizes and coatings were selected in order to analyze whether those characteristics are determinants of nanoparticle toxicity. Silver nitrate was tested for comparison. In general Pseudomonas putida reacted very sensitive towards the exposure to silver, with an EC 05 value of 0.043 µ g L-1 for AgNO 3 and between 0.13 and 3.41 µ g L-1 for the different AgNPs (EC 50 values 0.16 µ g L-1 for AgNO3, resp. between 0.25 and 13.5 µ g L-1 for AgNPs). As the ionic form of silver is clearly the most toxic, an environmental hazard assessment for microorganisms based on total silver concentration and the assumption that AgNPs dissolve is sufficiently protective. Neither specific coatings nor certain sizes could be linked to increasing or decreasing toxicity. The characterization of particle behavior as well as the total and dissolved silver content in the medium during the exposures was not possible due to the high sensitivity of Pseudomonas (test concentrations were below detection limits), indicating the need for further development in the analytical domain. Monitored silver concentrations in the aquatic environment span six orders of magnitude (0.1 – 120000 ng L-1 ), which falls into the span of observed EC 05 values and might hence indicate a risk to environmental bacteria.

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