environmental hazard
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2022 ◽  
Vol 424 ◽  
pp. 127330
Author(s):  
Yee Van Fan ◽  
Peng Jiang ◽  
Raymond R. Tan ◽  
Kathleen B. Aviso ◽  
Fengqi You ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
pp. 118843
Author(s):  
M. Isabel Cadena-Aizaga ◽  
Sarah Montesdeoca-Esponda ◽  
Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera ◽  
José Juan Santana-Rodríguez

2022 ◽  
pp. 413-431
Author(s):  
Ajit Behera ◽  
Ranjan K. Mohapatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042062
Author(s):  
E S Tshovrebov ◽  
E G Velichko ◽  
S N Kostarev ◽  
U D Niyazgulov

Abstract In the collective authors’ work, based on the analysis and generalizing of published scientific researches, regulatory and technical documentation and legal acts in the field of waste management and environmental protection, was undertaken an attempt to develop, on a single methodical basis, a set of consolidated resource-saving and environmental indicators characterized the process of prevention environmental hazard caused by anthropogenic influence of waste generated in construction and urban economy.The main purpose of the research is to form theoretical foundations, develop methods for a complex assessment of the environmental hazard of solid urban and construction waste, generated in the process of repair and construction, dismantling works, maintenance of the buildings, exploitation of engineering systems and technical means of buildings and urban services in the life support system of municipalities and regions, in order to ensure protection of the environment and humans from the anthropogenic influence of waste, creating favorable conditions for life of the humanity.In the research was realized scientific and practical tasks: was formulated a hierarchy of priorities for the state of environmental safety; was highlighted the main factors of the environmental hazard of waste of the economy; was developed a mathematical model for an integrated assessment, management (rationing, regulation) of the level of environmental hazard of waste; interconnection and consolidation of environmental and resource-saving indicators was carried out on a uniform information and analytical platform for a comprehensive assessment of environmentally safe waste management. The results of the research can be used in the investigation and engineering work related to the assessment of the anthropogenic impact of waste on the environment, planning measures to prevent it.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0009806
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Lund ◽  
Susanne H. Sokolow ◽  
Isabel J. Jones ◽  
Chelsea L. Wood ◽  
Sofia Ali ◽  
...  

Background Infectious disease risk is driven by three interrelated components: exposure, hazard, and vulnerability. For schistosomiasis, exposure occurs through contact with water, which is often tied to daily activities. Water contact, however, does not imply risk unless the environmental hazard of snails and parasites is also present in the water. By increasing reliance on hazardous activities and environments, socio-economic vulnerability can hinder reductions in exposure to a hazard. We aimed to quantify the contributions of exposure, hazard, and vulnerability to the presence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium re-infection. Methodology/Principal findings In 13 villages along the Senegal River, we collected parasitological data from 821 school-aged children, survey data from 411 households where those children resided, and ecological data from all 24 village water access sites. We fit mixed-effects logistic and negative binomial regressions with indices of exposure, hazard, and vulnerability as explanatory variables of Schistosoma haematobium presence and intensity, respectively, controlling for demographic variables. Using multi-model inference to calculate the relative importance of each component of risk, we found that hazard (Ʃwi = 0.95) was the most important component of S. haematobium presence, followed by vulnerability (Ʃwi = 0.91). Exposure (Ʃwi = 1.00) was the most important component of S. haematobium intensity, followed by hazard (Ʃwi = 0.77). Model averaging quantified associations between each infection outcome and indices of exposure, hazard, and vulnerability, revealing a positive association between hazard and infection presence (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.12, 1.97), and a positive association between exposure and infection intensity (RR 2.59–3.86, depending on the category; all 95% CIs above 1) Conclusions/Significance Our findings underscore the linkages between social (exposure and vulnerability) and environmental (hazard) processes in the acquisition and accumulation of S. haematobium infection. This approach highlights the importance of implementing both social and environmental interventions to complement mass drug administration.


Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyun-Siao Chen ◽  
Po-Hsun Huang ◽  
Ya-Chi Hsieh ◽  
Jen-Wei Liu ◽  
Hsiao-Lin Hsu ◽  
...  

Trimethylsilyl esters, AcOTMS, BzOTMS, TCAOTMS, etc., are inexpensive and chemically stable reagents that pose a negligible environmental hazard. From our findings, such compounds prove to serve as efficient dual-purpose reagents to respectively achieve acylation and trimethylsilylation of alcohols under acidic or basic conditions. Herein, a detailed study on protection of various substrates and new methodology investigations is described.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
R.N. Plotnikova ◽  
V.I. Korchagin ◽  
L.V. Popova ◽  
M.V. Maltsev

Methods of reducing the environmental hazard during storage of spent cleaning masses formed in the production of acetylene by the wet method are considered. The optimal conditions for the process of neutralizing the waste of the cleaning mass accumulating at the stage of trapping phosphine and hydrogen sulfide in the process of obtaining acetylene by the carbide method have been established. Ways of regeneration of a solid carrier included in the composition of cleaning masses are proposed. The possibility of secondary use of the regenerated solid support — expanded pearlite — has been investigated. A scheme for the neutralization of wastes from the production of carbide acetylene is presented. Methods for restoring the absorption capacity of a solid carrier are proposed. The prospect of using partially regenerated waste from the stage of washing soluble compounds containing sparingly soluble phosphates for mulching soils and increasing the influx of an important biogenic element for plant nutrition and growth is shown.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Eric D. Raile ◽  
Elizabeth A. Shanahan ◽  
Richard C. Ready ◽  
Jamie McEvoy ◽  
Clemente Izurieta ◽  
...  

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