Thermophoretic force on nanoparticles in free molecule regime

The thermophoresis of nanoparticles in the free molecule regime plays an important role in the nucleation, collision and coagulation of nanoparticles. In this contribution, on the basis of a rigorous gas kinetic theory, the theoretical expressions for the thermophoretic force on nanoparticles suspended in dilute gas mixtures are derived, wherein the non-rigid-body interactions between the gas molecules and the nanoparticle are taken into account. The analytical formulas in the present work are consistent with those under the rigid-body collision assumption. Negative thermophoresis, is found to be possible for nanoparticles in the free molecule regime, by which the thermophoretic force exerted on the suspended nanoparticle is from low to high temperature, i.e., opposite to the direction of normal thermophoresis.

Thermophoretic force on nonspherical particles in the free-molecule regime

Physical Review E ◽

10.1103/physreve.97.053106 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 97 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Song Yu ◽

Jun Wang ◽

Guodong Xia ◽

Luxiang Zong

Keyword(s):

Nonspherical Particles ◽

Free Molecule ◽

Thermophoretic Force

Thermophoretic force on nanocylinders in the free molecule regime

Physical Review E ◽

10.1103/physreve.95.033101 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jun Wang ◽

Shuang Luo ◽

Guodong Xia

Keyword(s):

Free Molecule ◽

Thermophoretic Force

Thermophoretic force and velocity of nanoparticles in the free molecule regime

Physical Review E ◽

10.1103/physreve.70.021205 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Zhigang Li ◽

Hai Wang

Keyword(s):

Free Molecule ◽

Thermophoretic Force

FREE MOLECULE FLOW

A-to-Z Guide to Thermodynamics Heat and Mass Transfer and Fluids Engineering ◽

10.1615/atoz.f.fremolflo ◽

2006 ◽

Vol f ◽

Author(s):

W.A Wakeham

Keyword(s):

Free Molecule ◽

Molecule Flow

Free Molecule Micro-Resistojet: Current Status

10.21236/ada410938 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Ketsdever

Keyword(s):

Current Status ◽

Free Molecule

69. Heat transfer to a sphere at the transition from free molecule flow.

Vacuum ◽

10.1016/0042-207x(60)90223-2 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 276

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Free Molecule ◽

Molecule Flow

Microscopic model with temperature‐dependent interactions for the free molecule and for the trigonal phase of benzil

The Journal of Chemical Physics ◽

10.1063/1.471095 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 104 (9) ◽

pp. 3329-3337

Author(s):

P. Zieliński ◽

M. More ◽

E. Cochon ◽

J. Lefebvre

Keyword(s):

Microscopic Model ◽

Free Molecule ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Trigonal Phase

The aerodynamic resistance to a sphere rotating at high Mach numbers in the rarefied transition régime

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.1966.0164 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 293 (1433) ◽

pp. 156-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Aerodynamic Resistance ◽

Pressure Gauge ◽

Transition Regime ◽

Drag Torque ◽

Free Molecule ◽

Rotating Sphere ◽

Mach Numbers ◽

High Mach ◽

Molecule Flow

An experimental study has been made of the gaseous drag torque on an isolated sphere rotating at high Mach numbers. The sphere was suspended electromagnetically and spun by induction. The drag torque has been measured through the transition régime from continuum to free molecule flow at Mach numbers (based on equatorial speed) of up to about five. These high Mach numbers were achieved in heavy vapours (diiodomethane, germanium tetrabromide and stannic bromide) with sonic speed as little as a quarter of that in air. To measure the pressure in the vapour a second (smaller) rotating sphere was used as a pressure gauge. The results agree well with those previously obtained and show an unexpected Mach number dependence in the transition régime.