scholarly journals A Rare Case of Acute Transverse Myelitis (ATM) and Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) Overlap

Cureus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarmina Javed ◽  
Waseem T Malik ◽  
Omair ul haq Lodhi
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

scholarly journals Acute Transverse Myelitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1008
Author(s):  
Jhih-Jian Gao ◽  
Hung-Pin Tseng ◽  
Chun-Liang Lin ◽  
Jr-Shiang Shiu ◽  
Ming-Hsun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Extensive Transverse Myelitis

An increasing number of people are undergoing vaccination for COVID-19 because of the ongoing pandemic. The newly developed, genetically engineered mRNA vaccines are critical for controlling the epidemic disease. However, major adverse effects, including neuroimmunological disorders, are being attributed to this vaccine. For instance, several cases of acute transverse myelitis (ATM) after COVID-19 vaccination have been reported in clinical trials. Here, we report an exceedingly rare case of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), a rare subtype of ATM involving three or more vertebral segments, that occurred shortly after vaccination with the Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273) vaccine, with a comorbidity of vitamin B12 deficiency. The findings of subsequent investigations suggest the possibility that autoimmune responses are triggered by the reactions between anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies and tissue proteins, as well as the interaction between spike proteins and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors.

Motor axonal neuropathy in sequence with acute transverse myelitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1824
Author(s):  
Smita Nath ◽  
Pinkesh Parmar ◽  
V Prabhu ◽  
Sandeep Garg ◽  
Suresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

scholarly journals A rare case of acute transverse myelitis associated with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and osteomyelitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stamatis Karakonstantis ◽  
Despoina Galani ◽  
Sevasti Maragou ◽  
Asimina Koulouridi ◽  
Dimitra Kalemaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

An acute transverse myelitis attack after autologous stem cell transplantation: A rare case

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Cömert ◽  
Murat Albayrak ◽  
Abdulkerim Yıldız ◽  
Osman Şahin ◽  
Çiğdem Pala Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

scholarly journals Acute Transverse Myelitis (ATM):Clinical Review of 43 Patients With COVID-19-Associated ATM and 3 Post-Vaccination ATM Serious Adverse Events With the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine (AZD1222)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo C. Román ◽  
Fernando Gracia ◽  
Antonio Torres ◽  
Alexis Palacios ◽  
Karla Gracia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Review ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Neurological Complication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

IntroductionAlthough acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a rare neurological condition (1.34-4.6 cases per million/year) COVID-19-associated ATM cases have occurred during the pandemic.Case-finding methodsWe report a patient from Panama with SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by ATM and present a comprehensive clinical review of 43 patients with COVID-19-associated ATM from 21 countries published from March 2020 to January 2021. In addition, 3 cases of ATM were reported as serious adverse events during the clinical trials of the COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222).ResultsAll patients had typical features of ATM with acute onset of paralysis, sensory level and sphincter deficits due to spinal cord lesions demonstrated by imaging. There were 23 males (53%) and 20 females (47%) ranging from ages 21- to 73- years-old (mean age, 49 years), with two peaks at 29 and 58 years, excluding 3 pediatric cases. The main clinical manifestations were quadriplegia (58%) and paraplegia (42%). MRI reports were available in 40 patients; localized ATM lesions affected ≤3 cord segments (12 cases, 30%) at cervical (5 cases) and thoracic cord levels (7 cases); 28 cases (70%) had longitudinally-extensive ATM (LEATM) involving ≥4 spinal cord segments (cervicothoracic in 18 cases and thoracolumbar-sacral in 10 patients). Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) occurred in 8 patients, mainly women (67%) ranging from 27- to 64-years-old. Three ATM patients also had blindness from myeloneuritis optica (MNO) and two more also had acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN).ConclusionsWe found ATM to be an unexpectedly frequent neurological complication of COVID-19. Most cases (68%) had a latency of 10 days to 6 weeks that may indicate post-infectious neurological complications mediated by the host’s response to the virus. In 32% a brief latency (15 hours to 5 days) suggested a direct neurotropic effect of SARS-CoV-2. The occurrence of 3 reported ATM adverse effects among 11,636 participants in the AZD1222 vaccine trials is extremely high considering a worldwide incidence of 0.5/million COVID-19-associated ATM cases found in this report. The pathogenesis of ATM remains unknown, but it is conceivable that SARS-CoV-2 antigens –perhaps also present in the AZD1222 COVID-19 vaccine or its chimpanzee adenovirus adjuvant– may induce immune mechanisms leading to the myelitis.

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