Part II: Navigating specific career paths

Abstract Background Physician Scientists (PSs) play a significant role in medical science because of their clinical practice and research expertise. Although it is important to analyze the distribution and retention trends in the number of PSs in Japan, research on this topic has been insufficient. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze PSs distribution and retention trends, identify factors related to their retention, and consider the policy implications. Method I analyzed individual data from 1996 to 2016 from a national census survey that had been administered by the national government of Japan every 2 years. The number of PSs in 1996 and 2016 were 4930 (2.1% of all physicians) and 5212 (1.6%), respectively. I conducted a descriptive analysis and identified retention trends. I then used a multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify the factors related to the retention of PSs. Results Between 1996 and 2016, the total number of PSs in Japan increased by 6%. The number of PSs aged 39 years or younger decreased by 48%, while those aged between 55 and 69 increased by 91%, indicating a notable decrease in the number of PSs under the age of 39. From 2014 to 2016, the annual retention rate of PSs was estimated to be 75.5%, which represented a low and stable rate compared to other physicians over the study period. The odds of continuing to practice as a PS were significantly higher for those who have between 15 to 29 years of experience after qualification as a physician. Conclusion This study indicates that it is likely for the total number of PSs to decrease in the future. Although the Japanese government has implemented various measures to retain PSs, these have not been effective. Possible new interventions to address this problem include increasing the knowledge of medical students and younger physicians of the role of PSs and the benefits of a career as a PS, providing specific career paths for PSs, securing specific positions for PSs, and increasing the compensation for PSs.

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Does a PBL-based medical curriculum predispose training in specific career paths? A systematic review of the literature

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-016-2348-0 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jordan Tsigarides ◽

Laura R. Wingfield ◽

Myutan Kulendran

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Career Paths ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Specific Career

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Creating Support Systems for Black Women in Nontraditional STEM Career Paths

Women's Influence on Inclusion, Equity, and Diversity in STEM Fields - Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-8870-2.ch005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 108-142

Author(s):

Tokiwa T. Smith ◽

Natasha N. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

Career Paths ◽

Support Systems ◽

Women In Stem ◽

Stem Fields ◽

Specific Career ◽

Stem Career ◽

And Mathematics ◽

K 12 ◽

Educational Journeys

Although careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields are widely acknowledged as central to the future, women remain largely underrepresented in these spheres. This is particularly true for Black women, highlighting the necessity of support systems and resources designed to promote their success in STEM. Ideally, these supports should begin during the K-12 years and continue throughout the course of their educational journeys. Current research indicates that Black women in STEM achieve greater, lasting success when they have access to structured support systems. As the career paths of Black women in STEM continue to evolve, there remains a need for adaptable structures and resources that are applicable to their unique needs. Yet, these supports often do not exist for those pursuing nontraditional STEM career paths. Therefore, this chapter underscores the need for Black women in STEM to establish their own support systems, aligned with their specific career paths.

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Part II: Navigating specific career paths

Profession and Purpose: A Resource Guide for MBA Careers in Sustainability ◽

10.9774/gleaf.978-1-907643-08-8_11 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 45-47

Author(s):

Katie Kross

Keyword(s):

Career Paths ◽

Specific Career

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A review of career interventions from an educational perspective: Have investigations shed any light?

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.59.4.227 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 227-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Lee-Ann Prideaux ◽

Peter A. Creed ◽

Juanita Muller ◽

Wendy Patton

Keyword(s):

Career Development ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Future Research ◽

Development Programs ◽

Career Intervention ◽

Career Interventions ◽

International Trends ◽

Specific Career ◽

Education Interventions ◽

Development Literature

Despite widespread acknowledgement of the importance of career development programs to assist students in their complex transition from school to work, very few specific career education interventions have been objectively evaluated. The aim of this paper is to highlight what the authors consider to be a conspicuous shortfall in the career development literature to date, that is, reports of methodologically sound career intervention studies carried out in actual high school settings. International trends in the world of work are briefly discussed in association with the repercussions these changes are producing for today's youth. The major portion of this article is devoted to a comprehensive review of career intervention studies with particular attention paid to the methodological and theoretical issues that resonate from this review process. Recommendations for future research are proposed.

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