This chapter discusses the elemental regimes on derivatives trading and clearing. These international standards remained rather ‘thin’ due to the absence of pace-setting jurisdictions and the foot-dragging of some jurisdictions; disagreements amongst regulators; and the push back from the financial industry. Furthermore, exchange and platform trading were not crucial to mitigate systemic risk. Clearing via central counterparties was crucial to mitigate systemic risk. However, other interlinked standards, notably, bank capital and margin requirements, were used to promote central clearing. Precise, stringent, and consistent international standards were not sponsored by the ‘great powers’, which adopted instead domestic regulatory reforms that had considerable extraterritoriality. Securities market regulators gathered in the IOSCO found it difficult to reconcile different views among more than one hundred member jurisdictions. Furthermore, these regulatory reforms—first and foremost centralized trading—were contested by parts of the financial industry because of their distributional implications.