Analysis of fractional hybrid differential equations with impulses in partially ordered Banach algebras

In this paper, we investigate a class of fractional hybrid differential equations with impulses, which can be seen as nonlinear differential equations with a quadratic perturbation of second type and a linear perturbation in partially ordered Banach algebras. We deduce the existence and approximation of a mild solution for the initial value problems of this system by applying Dhage iteration principles and related hybrid fixed point theorems. Compared with previous works, we generalize the results to fractional order and extend some existing conclusions for the first time. Meantime, we take into consideration the effect of impulses. Our results indicate the influence of fractional order for nonlinear hybrid differential equations and improve some known results, which have wider applications as well. A numerical example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.

A note on embeddings for the Augmented Lagrange Method

Nonlinear programs (P) can be solved by embedding problem P into one parametric problem P(t), where P(1) and P are equivalent and P(0), has an evident solution. Some embeddings fulfill that the solutions of the corresponding problem P(t) can be interpreted as the points computed by the Augmented Lagrange Method on P. In this paper we study the Augmented Lagrangian embedding proposed in [6]. Roughly speaking, we investigated the properties of the solutions of P(t) for generic nonlinear programs P with equality constraints and the characterization of P(t) for almost every quadratic perturbation on the objective function of P and linear on the functions defining the equality constraints.