Power quality considerations for embedded generation integration in Nigeria: A case study of ogba 33 kV injection substation

The deregulation of the Nigerian power sector has resulted in the quest to explore power generation options for power quality improvement. One of such options is the pattern shift from central power generation to embedded power generation. Network integration of embedded generators (EGs) causes several regulatory, technical and economic issues. This research focuses on power quality challenges that may arise as a result of network integration of embedded generation in a weak electricity networks using Ogba 33 kV injection substation as case study. The embedded generators considered comprised of gas turbine and diesel generators. NEPLAN software was used to perform the load flow analysis with and without EGs connection on the network. This was necessary so as to ascertain the healthiness of the existing distribution network for EGs integration. The power quality issues considered in the study were bus voltage profiles and the total line losses. Simulation results showed that EGs connection improved the voltage profile, for example, bus voltage at PTC 11 kV, improved from 0.881 pu to 0.958 pu while the total active power loss was reduced by 78.16%. The results obtained suggest that the grid is healthy enough to accommodate the EGs with no quality issues.

Impacts of Embedded Generation on Distribution Network Behavior

This paper explores the impacts of multiple embedded generators penetration on distribution system behavior. For this rationale, a IEEE-13 bus distribution feeder was modeled and investigates by assimilating different types of embedded generation (EG) sources. Different scenarios were implemented in which WIND, SOFC FUEL CELL, SOLAR and MICRO TURBINE plants were modeled with high variability of load and generation to observe their impacts on system’s protection, unsymmetrical faults also consider observing impacts effectively. To eradicate the impacts on distribution system with presence of EG’s and distribution system undergone in the event of faults, in this paper primarily reverse power due to EG integration is estimated and sensed with reverse power relay, Further two types of Superconducting Fault Current Limiters Passive resonance CB (PRCB) SFCL and Inverse current injection CB (I-CB are proposed and results are compared for amended solution in mitigating fault current magnitude and over voltages, Finally penetrations levels are computed mathematically and All the modeling and simulations were carried out using MATLAB SIMULINK tool.