Switched Fractional Order Model Reference Adaptive Control for First Order Plants: a Simulation-Based Study

This paper presents the results and analysis of an exhaustive simulation study where Switched Fractional Order Model Reference Adaptive Control (SFOMRAC) is used for first order plants, along with the analytical proof of boundedness and convergence of the scheme. The analysis is focused on the controlled system behavior through the integral of the timed squared control error (ITSE) and on the control energy though the integral of the squared control signal (ISI). Controller parameters such as fractional order, adaptive gain and switching time are varied along the simulation studies, as well as plant parameters and reference models. The results show that SFOMRAC controllers can be found for every plant and reference model used, such that both system behavior and control energy can be improved, compared to equivalent non switched fractional order and integer order control strategies.

“Don’t let me be misunderstood”

Research and development as well as societal debates on the risks of artificial intelligence (AI) often focus on crucial but impractical ethical issues or on technocratic approaches to managing societal and ethical risks with technology. To overcome this, more practical, problem-oriented analytical perspectives on the risks of AI are needed. This article proposes an approach that focuses on a meta-risk inherent in AI systems: deep automation bias. It is assumed that the mismatch between system behavior and user practice in specific application contexts due to AI‑based automation is a key trigger for bias and other societal risks. The article presents the main factors of (deep) automation bias and outlines a framework providing indicators for the detection of deep automation bias ultimately triggered by such a mismatch. This approach intends to strengthen problem awareness and critical AI literacy and thereby create some practial use.

An Innovative Steel Damper with a Flexural and Shear–Flexural Mechanism to Enhance the CBF System Behavior: An Experimental and Numerical Study

An innovative passive energy damper is introduced and studied experimentally and numerically. This damper is designed as the main plate for energy absorption which is surrounded by an octagon cover. In addition to simplicity in construction, it can be easily replaced after a severe earthquake. Experimental test results, as well as finite element results, indicated that, by connecting the cross-flexural plate to the main plate, the mechanism of the plate was changed from flexural to shear. However, the cross_flexural plate always acts as a flexural mechanism. Changing the shear mechanism to a flexural mechanism, on the other hand, increased the stiffness and strength, while it reduced the ultimate displacement. Comparing the hysteresis curve of specimens revealed that models without cross_flexural plates had less strength and energy_dissipating capability than other models. Adding the flexural plate to the damper without connecting to the main plate improved the behavior of the damper, mainly by improving the ultimate displacement. Connecting the cross plate to the web plate enhanced the ultimate strength and stiffness by 84% and 3.9, respectively, but it reduced the ductility by 2.25. Furthermore, relationships were proposed to predict the behavior of the dampers with high accuracy.

Simulation of an Isolated System Behavior at High RES Penetration Coupled With Storage

Τhe aim of the present work is to assess the overall benefits of applying electrical energy storage, especially to isolated grids, to harvest the underlying Renwable Energy Sourses potential sustainably. One such case is Cyprus, where due to various technical constraints related to the isolated nature of the island’s electricity system, RES in the electricity sector can reach a maximum level assuming limited curtailments, as early as 2023-2024. To this end, simulations have been set up and run using the DISPA-SET tool to investigate the potential of new electricity storage facilities at effective accommodation of high Renewable Energy Technologies (RET) penetration, especially photovoltaics in the coming years. Results show that particularly in isolated grids, RET penetration has to be coupled with storage to avoid power curtailment and provide security to the whole system, reduce the energy not served and provide a long-term perspective for the decarbonaization in the electricity sector towards 2050 zero-emission targets.

Design and Comparison of Reinforcement-Learning-Based Time-Varying PID Controllers with Gain-Scheduled Actions

This paper presents innovative reinforcement learning methods for automatically tuning the parameters of a proportional integral derivative controller. Conventionally, the high dimension of the Q-table is a primary drawback when implementing a reinforcement learning algorithm. To overcome the obstacle, the idea underlying the n-armed bandit problem is used in this paper. Moreover, gain-scheduled actions are presented to tune the algorithms to improve the overall system behavior; therefore, the proposed controllers fulfill the multiple performance requirements. An experiment was conducted for the piezo-actuated stage to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control designs relative to competing algorithms.

Formalization of target invariants and designing an adaptive control system for the model of anaerobic biological wastewater treatment

A model of a two-step anaerobic fermentation in a bioreactor-mixer, whose mathematical description is a system of nonlinear mathematical equations, is discussed. The purpose is to design an algorithm of an energy-saving control relying on the principles of nonlinear adaptation on target manifolds with an attractive property, which are referred to as invariants or invariable laws of the target system behavior for the object under study. A necessary preliminary step is the formalization of possible target invariants in the form of prescribed (desired) laws of the controlled object behavior. An example is given of designing a vector regulator with a compensation of random disturbances over the control channel in a system of anaerobic biological waste water treatment.

ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI SIMULASI PENGECATAN KENDARAAN BERBASIS ANDROID

Android is a mobile device on the operating system for mobile phones based on Linux, android provides an open platform for developers to create applications. Android-based application developers make applications so that they can be useful for the community ranging from game genre applications, education, entertainment and simulation applications that are very likely to be created and run on this android operating system. Simulation is the process of designing a matemastis or logical model of a real system, conducting experiments on models using computers to describe, explain and predict system behavior. For a simulation application company can be used as a medium of product promotion, while for smartphone users can help to channel the existing imagination into a real picture. The application of simulation applications many functions, one example of its application to two-wheeled motor vehicles. By utilizing android application and the growth of vehicle users that lead to the hobby of modification, it can be utilized by creating an android-based coloring simulation application to help modifiers and modification lovers in order to channel their imagination and make it easier to design colors as desired. Without having to bother using design software that requires special skills

Train Braking Time Variations Changing the Pressurized Air Temperature

Braking time in a moving train at standard speeds has become a critical variable that increasingly concerns the industry. The present paper discusses the possible option of temperature variation to cut down the response time of the whole pneumatic braking system in a train installation. A pneumatic system, considered equivalent to the system existing in a real train, was experimentally analyzed to account for the time and characteristics of a sonic pressure wave moving in the pipes. The available system behavior was compared for two different air temperatures. The obtained results point to a relevant temperature effect on the pressure wave transmission, which may promote time or distance shortening in a standard braking process. Although in the experimental campaign only two initial temperatures could be set, the study shows a possible research path for future improvements. A parallel theoretical calculation corrected by the effect of the relevant elements in the pipes was performed to allow a comparison with the experiments.