Restoration

This chapter studies how, in early May of 1660, news reached Elizabeth Stuart's nephew that he had been invited to return and take his place on the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland as Charles II. Now, with a Stuart once more on the throne, there was nothing to keep Elizabeth on the Continent. And when, in September of 1660, her niece Mary had travelled home to England, preceding her, there was certainly nothing left for Elizabeth in The Hague. Elizabeth had told Charles Louis she would return when Charles sent for her. Elizabeth was plainly desperate to return to England, but still there was no invitation. The chapter then recounts Elizabeth's death. By the time of her death, aged sixty-six, Elizabeth had lost a kingdom, the Upper Palatinate, several wars, three infant sisters, three brothers (one as a baby), a husband, six children, and several palaces. She had also outlived all the ambassadors and generals who ever had supported or opposed her. But she never lost the love of her people who had so embraced her on St Valentine's Day in 1613, and would mourn the death of their Queen of Hearts the day before her forty-ninth wedding anniversary.

Chinese E-Romance: Analyzing and Visualizing 7.92 Million Alibaba Valentine’s Day Purchases

The days that precede Valentine’s Day are characterized by extensive gift shopping activities all across the globe. In China, where much shopping takes place online, there has been an explosive growth in e-commerce sales during Valentine’s Day over the recent years. This exploratory study investigates the extent to which each product category and each shopper group can exhibit romantic love within China’s e-market throughout the 2 weeks leading up to 2019 Valentine’s Day. Massive data from Alibaba, the biggest e-commerce retailer worldwide, are utilized to formulate an innovative romance index (RI) to quantitatively measure e-romantic values for products and shoppers. On this basis, millions of shoppers, along with their millions of products purchased around Valentine’s Day, are analyzed as a case study to demonstrate their love consumption and romantic gift-giving. The results of the analysis are then illustrated to help understand Chinese e-romance based on the perspectives of different product categories and shopper groups. This empirical information visualization also contributes to improving the segmentation, targeting, and positioning of China’s e-market for Valentine’s Day.

Comparative analysis of wish forms on the example of tatar and english online publications

This article is devoted to a comparative study of such verbal means of communication as wish forms. They are an important category of speech etiquette, the significance of which in culture and in the life of society as a whole is undeniable. This is probably one of the few units of speech etiquette that can function in parallel with many other phenomena of speech etiquette, such as greetings, farewells, condolences, thanks, advice, etc. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing interest of linguists in the problems of language and culture, the growth of intercultural relations, as well as the need to understand the place and role of verbal communication, as mutually reinforcing each other in one communicative situation, identifying their communicative-pragmatic features in typologically different structural languages, namely Tatar and English. An integrated approach to the study of verbal means of communication in the Tatar and English languages allows us to identify not only their language features, but also to show the national and cultural specifics of the Tatars and the British, to identify the similarities and differences between two completely different cultures. In this article, we decided to consider such most famous and common wishes as Birthdays, Valentine's Day, Christmas, Ramadan, Kurban Bairam, as well as more specific, local holidays like Saybantuy and Nauruz. The choice of this topic is not accidental, since language learning and knowledge of the culture of the country under study should always go side by side. They are inextricably linked to each other. Knowledge of the culture and traditions of the people give us the opportunity to better understand the language, since many words and expressions are a kind of reflection of their traditions. It is well known that the study of foreign languages begins with such seemingly simple formulas as greetings, farewells, thanks and wishes. This topic, in our opinion, allows you to plunge deeper into the culture of the studied country. The best way to realize and understand the depth of the language is to compare it with your native language. Identify both similarities and differences. For a more accurate and in-depth analysis, we decided to consider examples from online sources. This choice as a source is not accidental, since today the Internet is the richest and most complete source of information, since it is there that you can find standard template greetings and postcards. However, in this work, we tried to consider not so much the template greetings used as a model, but the greetings of politicians, celebrities and editorial staff of online publications. Since, living language, in our opinion, is the most interesting and accurate source for comparing two genetically unrelated languages. After analyzing this material, we came to the conclusion that, first of all, the content of the wish is chosen by the speaker with an emphasis on the generally accepted system of values of the listener, his own ideas about what is bad and what is good for the addressee, whether the wish is pleasant or unpleasant to the addressee.

EXPRESS: Feeling Lonely Increases Interest in Previously Owned Products

Consumption of used products has the potential to symbolically connect present and previous users of these products, something that would be appealing to lonely consumers. Accordingly, across seven studies, feeling lonely increased the preference for previously owned products. Specifically, the proportion of lone shoppers was higher in a used versus a regular bookstore, lone individuals (vs. those sitting in pairs) were more likely to select a used over new product, on Valentine’s Day, people without (vs. with) a date expressed stronger preference for used products and individual differences in loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic predicted interest in used products. Other studies documented that the desire to symbolically connect underlies the effect of loneliness on consumption. At a time when loneliness is on the rise, the authors discuss implications for the marketing of used products and how feeling lonely might motivate reducing waste.