Measurement of the electron beam energy in a source with a plasma anode and the beam extraction into the atmosphere through a foil window

Measurements of the energy of an electron beam in an electron beam source with an explosive-emission cathode, a plasma anode and a foil window, providing the extraction of an electron beam with a cross-section of (100–200) cm2 into the atmosphere, have been performed. The high voltage source was a Marx generator based long lines with matched loads. The energy values were calculated from the results of measurements of the temperature of a beam collector placed in vacuum using thermistors and an infrared imager. At an accelerating voltage of ~ 200 kV, a current of (1–2) kA, and an electron beam duration of 5 μs, the maximum values of the energy released in the collector with a cross section of 74 cm2 were (650–850) J/pulse. A decrease in the current and energy of the beam was recorded approximately by a factor of two after passing through an AMG-2n aluminum-magnesium foil with a thickness of 30 μm. The use of infrared imager for recording the beam structure in the plane of the output window in air has been tested.

Катодный узел сильноточной электронной пушки с многоканальным инициированием эмиссии пробоем по поверхности диэлектрика

A new scheme of the cathode assembly of a high-current electron gun is presented. Initiation of explosive emission is performed with the help of sixty nine simultaneously operating spark gaps which electrodes and tube ceramic isolators are inserted into a disc explosive-emission cathode. The operability and high emissivity of the cathode assembly which exceeds by 1.5‒1.7 times the value inherent in traditional scheme of an electron gun with plasma anode and copper-braid explosive-emission cathode has been demonstrated.

Характеристики сильноточной электронной пушки с плазменным анодом на основе гибридного разряда

In the paper, the results of the study of space structure and temporal dynamics of a hybrid discharge matching a high-current reflective discharge with vacuum arcs initiated by surface dielectric flashover at the discharge supplying voltages up to 9 kV and working gas (argon) pressures of 0.1 – 1 mTorr are presented. The possibility of the formation of plasma anode with the density increased at the periphery including the use of an auxiliary screen has been demonstrated. The measurements of energy density distribution of a low-energy, high-current electron beam formed in an electron gun with explosive-emission cathode and plasma anode based on this hybrid discharge are also presented. The results obtained are comparable with those achieved with the use of magnetic field concentrators. Since the use of concentrators is not always possible, so the suggested method of the beam uniformity improvement looks promising.