Higher Braid Groups and Regular Semigroups from Polyadic-Binary Correspondence

In this note, we first consider a ternary matrix group related to the von Neumann regular semigroups and to the Artin braid group (in an algebraic way). The product of a special kind of ternary matrices (idempotent and of finite order) reproduces the regular semigroups and braid groups with their binary multiplication of components. We then generalize the construction to the higher arity case, which allows us to obtain some higher degree versions (in our sense) of the regular semigroups and braid groups. The latter are connected with the generalized polyadic braid equation and R-matrix introduced by the author, which differ from any version of the well-known tetrahedron equation and higher-dimensional analogs of the Yang-Baxter equation, n-simplex equations. The higher degree (in our sense) Coxeter group and symmetry groups are then defined, and it is shown that these are connected only in the non-higher case.

Homotopy of braids on surfaces: Extending Goldsmith’s answer to Artin

In 1947, in the paper “Theory of Braids,” Artin raised the question of whether isotopy and homotopy of braids on the disk coincide. Twenty seven years later, Goldsmith answered his question: she proved that in fact the group structures are different, exhibiting a group presentation and showing that the homotopy braid group on the disk is a proper quotient of the Artin braid group on the disk [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we extend Goldsmith’s answer to Artin for closed, connected and orientable surfaces different from the sphere. More specifically, we define the notion of homotopy generalized string links on surfaces, which form a group which is a proper quotient of the braid group on a surface [Formula: see text], denoting it by [Formula: see text]. We then give a presentation of the group [Formula: see text] and find that the Goldsmith presentation is a particular case of our main result, when we consider the surface [Formula: see text] to be the disk. We close with a brief discussion surrounding the importance of having such a fixed construction available in the literature.

On certain representations of Artin braid group

We are studying the representations of Artin’s braid group Bn.

VIRTUAL BRAIDS AND THE L-MOVE

In this paper we prove a Markov theorem for virtual braids and for analogs of this structure including flat virtual braids and welded braids. The virtual braid group is the natural companion to the category of virtual knots, just as the Artin braid group is the natural companion to classical knots and links. In this paper we follow L-move methods to prove the Virtual Markov theorems. One benefit of this approach is a fully local algebraic formulation of the theorems in each category.

On the injectivity of the Braid group in the Hecke algebra

We show that the well known homomorphism from any Artin braid group to the Hecke algebra of the same type is injective for the universal coxeter system and that the Burau representation is faithful for all finite coxeter systems of rank two.

Dynamical cocycles with values in the Artin braid group

By considering the way an $n$-tuple of points in the 2-disk are linked together under iteration of an orientation preserving diffeomorphism, we construct a dynamical cocycle with values in the Artin braid group. We study the asymptotic properties of this cocycle and derive a series of topological invariants for the diffeomorphism which enjoy rich properties.