Kompromitacja, słabość, tandeta? Kultura materialna NRD w filmie po 1990 roku na wybranych przykładach [Disgrace, Weakness, Rubbish? Material Culture of the GDR in Selected German Films After 1990]

Disgrace, Weakness, Rubbish? Material Culture of the GDR in Selected German Films After 1990The article focuses on the material culture of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) as portrayed in selected German films made after 1990 and set in the GDR. The objects that are used in the films serve as a special kind of artefacts, symbolizing the reality of the GDR and defining it as imperfect, below expectations, and inefficient in meeting consumer demand. An important point of reference in the article is the context of post-communist nostalgia, which is a source of interesting symbolic redefinitions. Kompromitacja, słabość, tandeta? Kultura materialna NRD w filmie po 1990 roku na wybranych przykładachArtykuł dotyczy problematyki rzeczy codziennego użytku przedstawionych w wybranych filmach niemieckich realizowanych po 1990 roku a rozgrywających się w realiach Niemieckiej Republiki Demokratycznej. Przedmioty, które zostają użyte w filmach, występują w roli szczególnych artefaktów, symbolizujących rzeczywistość NRD i określających ją jako niedoskonałą, niespełniającą oczekiwań, konsumpcyjnie niewydolną. Istotnym punktem odniesienia w artykule jest kontekst nostalgii postkomunistycznej, która jest źródłem interesujących znaczeniowych przewartościowań.

Modelling Three Dimensional Gene Regulatory Networks

We consider the three-dimensional gene regulatory network (GRN in short). This model consists of ordinary differential equations of a special kind, where the nonlinearity is represented by a sigmoidal function and the linear part is present also. The evolution of GRN is described by the solution vector X(t), depending on time. We describe the changes that system undergoes if the entries of the regulatory matrix are perturbed in some way.

Human Being in the Dimension of the Psychosociocultural Matrix of Philosophizing

Purpose. The article highlights the demand for critical thinking in everyday life at the present stage of development of globalized culture and emphasizes the role of philosophy as a source of rationality. Philosophizing, which is determined by the psychosociocultural matrix, sets the toposes, vocabulary and rhythms of meaning making, their preservation and transformation. The purpose of the article is to concretize the practices of socio-cultural communication, primarily through the social institute of education, where individuals interact with the psychosociocultural matrix of philosophizing, which mediate the general and individual level in philosophical culture. Theoretical basis of the study are cultural anthropology and phenomenological methods. Originality of the study: based on the philosophy of intersubjectivity, we actualized the rational grounds for formation of adequate judgments in modern culture at the level of everyday life. This justifies the inevitability of the spread of various forms and types of philosophical education, philosophical thinking, ideas and values developed in philosophical communities beyond the narrow circle of professional philosophers. This implies the systemic involvement of philosophers as professionals of meaning-making in solving problems in various non-academic fields – politics, economics, law, etc. The formation of skills of philosophical critical thinking in the process of preparing young people for active civil life is no less important aspect of this. Conclusions lead to an understanding of the existential importance of philosophy and philosophizing and the need for organized forms of knowledge transfer such as the Faculty of Philosophy of the Classical University. There is a mutual interest and interaction of the general culture of society and philosophy as a special kind of culture. Because philosophy actively configures other forms of culture, contributes to the creation of sociocultural identities precisely because of its ability to conceptually reproduce the core of the psychosociocultural matrix that underlies the existence of all these different forms within one society. The sociocultural macro level of philosophical spiritual practices is formed by the psychosociocultural matrix of the philosophical tradition, which retains its longevity from the emergence of philosophy and goes through its history, demonstrating the features of the national reception of philosophy as a national-specific embodiment of sociocultural macro level of the psychosociocultural matrix.

QUALIFICATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES: THE PROBLEM OF DEFINITION AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH

The article is devoted to the study of the qualification of criminal offenses. It has been established that this concept is used in criminal and criminal procedural legislation, but there is no formal definition of it. In the science of criminal law, there are different approaches to understanding the concept of qualifications. Based on the analysis of these approaches, the definition of the qualification of criminal offenses has been formulated. According to the author, the qualification of criminal offenses is a process of knowledge and evaluation by the authorized subject of the factual features of a socially dangerous act, isolation of legally significant ones and establishing their compliance with the legal features of a particular corpus delicti of criminal offense, including its distinction from other criminal offenses and from acts that are not criminally illegal, as a result of which the conclusion on the criminal law norm to be applied is substantiated and documented. The main methodological aspects of the study of the qualification of criminal offenses, such as praxeological, epistemological, axiological, hermeneutical, logical, practical, are highlighted. From the point of view of praxeology, the qualification of criminal offenses is considered as a special kind of human, and in particular legal, activity. In the epistemological aspect, the qualification of criminal offenses is the cognitive activity of the law enforcer. In the axiological aspect in the process of qualification the assessment of factual signs and the committed act as a whole is carried out, and also in the presence of estimation concepts in criminal law their maintenance is defined. The hermeneutic aspect of the study of the qualification of criminal offenses is to study the understanding and interpretation of criminal law. The comparison of the factual features of the committed act and the features of the specific composition of the criminal offense should be carried out using the laws, forms and methods of logic. The practical aspect of the study of the qualification of criminal offenses covers the material and procedural problems of accuracy, correctness of qualification in terms of content and form. It is concluded that the study of these aspects contributes to a deeper understanding of the concept under study. The multidimensional approach to the qualification of criminal offenses contributes to the further comprehensive development of qualification rules and substantiation of proposals for improving the practice of applying the criminal law.

Modelling Economic Effects of the Media Influence as Methodological Basis for Strategizing the Media System

This research focused on the impact of media industry on other sectors of the economy. Advertising is considered as a basic implementation mechanism of media’s economic impact on the economy. The study used the original classification of the effects of economic impact on the market at all levels, developed by the author. It examined the highest level of advertising associated with the shift in market structure and economic interactions of its members and elements. The effects of this type — tertiary ones — include not only changes in the properties of equilibrium due to advertising, but also the emergence of new types of market participants whose economic activity is determined exclusively by advertising-related goals. To describe such effects, models of marketing channels are used — a special kind of production chains that connect the preceding and subsequent units with the help of contracts for advertising and promotional activities, and models of multi-sided markets, complementing the analysis with the study of the behavior of intermediary firms that place advertisements in the media. and linking producers and consumers. Classical models of two-sided markets, considering media as platforms connecting consumers with producers, do not consider the simultaneous consumption of goods and content by the audience and the nature of the producing firms’ problems. Therefore, in this paper, the focus of the study was on the models of a three-sided market, which includes three types of participants (consumers, media firms and industrial firms). It is proposed to put such models of intersectoral relations as the basis for quantitative methods of strategizing the media system, including at the national level. At the level of strategizing of individual media enterprises or holdings, the proposed model makes it possible to predict the long-term strategies of competitors. At the industrial level of strategy development, the proposed methodology makes it possible to build key indicators that determine the strategic priorities of the industry development based on the properties of the three-sided market equilibrium.

BIBLICAL THESIS ABOUT CREATION “EX NIHILO” AND THE RELATIONAL PARADIGM OF PHYSICS

The biblical story begins with the story of the creation of the world out of nothing. In the context of theological tradition, creation means non-self-being; this is the reason for the constant variability of the universe. Biblical Revelation presupposes the assumption of a special kind of ontology of creation: nothing is self-existent, all being is relative and everything is relative to God. The entire history of natural science, starting with Galileo, shows that its development proceeded along the path of concretizing and expanding the field of applicability of the principle of the relativity of being: from Galilean relativity - to Einstein’s special theory of relativity - and, finally, to quantum mechanics - to the fact that one of the greatest physicists of the XX century academician Vladimir Fock called the principle of relativity to the means of observation. Considering quantum mechanics as the last natural link in this chain of realization of the principle of relativity in physics, we can, from the many alternative interpretations of quantum mechanics existing today, single out those that are organically consistent with the fundamental biblical principle of the relativity of being and consistently explain what is perceived as quantum paradoxes. This will allow you to take the next step towards comprehending the fundamental nature of reality.

Conflict as a Category of Literary Studies: Analytical Research Strategies

The substantiation of the methodological viability and hermeneutic potential of the category conflict is given. The role of conflict as a category of world modeling in fiction is pointed out. Consideration of the conflict in the aspect of dialogism is suggested. Conflict in fiction is a special kind of communicative act arising from the antagonism of misunderstanding of the opposing sides, but providing a new level of understanding to the perceiving consciousness of the reader, making it intellectually armed (R. Jacobson) in the face of conflicting structures. Analytical strategies for the study of conflict are presented in the semantic aspect (conflict as an object of artistic depiction) and the aspect of structure (conflict as a fundamental structural principle). It is proved that the dual nature of the conflict presupposes taking into account in research practice the possibilities of textocentric and anthropological approaches to the study of conflict, understood as antagonistic relations of oppositional units. The development of epistemology, axiology and poetics of conflict in fiction is seen in the way of studying all levels of conflict dialogue.

GRAPHIC LITERATURE: DEFINITIONS, HISTORY, COMPONENTS

The article defines for the first time the concept of graphic literature a special kind of book and magazine graphics, which has become widespread in world art practice over the past century. It emphasizes that graphic literature combines elements of fine arts, literature, and cinema. It reveals the essence of graphic literature in the narrative of history through a sequence of images. It reviews the history of formation and development of this art form in world and Ukrainian art history. It outlines the specific features of graphic literature in certain countries. It gives the names of personalities who influenced its origin and spread around the world. The article is mainly focused on the analysis of the history of graphic literature development in Ukraine. It outlines the contribution of Ukrainian artists of the 20th century to its development. It emphasizes the reasons for the negative attitude to graphic works of literature in Soviet times. It considers in detail the spread of works of graphic literature in Ukraine at the beginning of the 21st century. It names Ukrainian personalities and specialized publishing houses that actively develop modern graphic literature. It outlines the basic structure, some important elements, and technique of graphic works. It emphasizes the similarity of the design of works of graphic and fiction. It reveals the main purpose of graphic literature in the most effective way to convey the main idea of a literary work to the reader and to get him/her interested with the help of visual images. It examines the genre diversity of graphic literature in Ukraine in the last decade. It analyses the dependence of the genres of graphic works on the age restrictions of the readership. It reveals the necessity to further study and analyse such graphic works from the art point of view. Graphic literature combines publications in which the narration is conveyed through hand-drawn and textual images in a certain sequence.

Professional self-determination theory of senior pupils in Russian psychology

The article analyses the psychological literature on the problem of senior pupils’ professional self-determination. The author’s theoretical and methodological position is elaborated and the results of its approbation are presented. It is shown that the available approaches can be divided into two main groups. Some researchers focus on the goal and end result of vocational self-determination, while others seek to reveal the algorithm of the process itself and/or its stages. Researchers are unanimous in their opinion that the choice of an occupation by senior pupils is the first and most responsible stage of professional self-determination for the individual as a whole. At the same time, the senior pupils’ professional self-determination concepts, which would reflect the unity of theoretical positions and methods of its study, are practically not presented in national psychology. To overcome the existing limitations, the article proposes to consider the senior pupils’ professional self-determination from the position of the activity approach as a special kind of activity with its own structure. The motivational component is the motives for choosing a career, while the operational component is the senior pupils’ professional identity status. The empirical study results of the of formation level of senior pupils’ professional self-determination are discussed on the basis of the activity methodology.