Personalized Reconstruction of Genital Defects in Complicated Wounds with Vertical Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flaps including Urethral Neo-Orifice

Non-healing extensive wounds in the perineal region can lead to severe soft tissue infections and disastrous complications, which are not manageable with conservative measures. Specifically in recurrent or advanced pelvic malignancies, irradiation often leads to extensive scarring and wound breakdown, resulting in significant soft tissue defects during surgical tumor excision. Among several surgical options to reconstruct the perineum, the transpelvic vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap has proven to be one of the most reliable methods. Specific modifications of this flap allow an individualized procedure depending on the patient’s needs. We modified this technique to include the urethral orifice into the skin paddle of VRAM flaps in three patients as a novel option to circumvent urinary diversion and maintain an acceptable quality of life.

Vertical Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous-Pedicled Island Flap for Covering Defect of the Suprapubic Area: A Case Report

Immediate reconstruction of defects in the lower abdomen is challenging. We present a successful reconstruction case using a vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap for a radiation ulcer on the suprapubic area following radiation therapy for recurred malignant melanoma. Before flap elevation, we conducted sufficient debridement until pliable healthy tissue was revealed. Afterwards, a 15×9 cm VRAM flap was elevated. We then inserted the flap through a suprafascial tunnel. At 6 months postoperatively, a completely healed aesthetic flap was achieved. This case is meaningful in that it involves a successful reconstruction of a sizable abdominal wall defect of the suprapubic area with unhealthy and unviable adjacent tissue following repeated surgery and chemoradiotherapy.

VRAM flap for locally advanced breast cancer

The authors presented a case of a patient with locally advanced breast cancer, with mammary and axillary localization, initially considered non-resectable, with good response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Due to the location of the lesion and the need for extensive resection, radical mastectomy was performed, associated with reconstruction with myocutaneous flap of the vertical rectus abdominis muscle. Different therapeutic options, the reasons that determine this choice, and local long-term control were discussed.

Donor Site Morbidity of Patients Receiving Vertical Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap for Perineal, Vaginal or Inguinal Reconstruction

Background Management of donor site closure after harvesting a vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap is discussed heterogeneously in the literature. We aim to analyze the postoperative complications of the donor site depending on the closure technique. Methods During a 12-year period (2003–2015), 192 patients in our department received transpelvic VRAM flap reconstruction. Prospectively collected data were analyzed retrospectively. Results 182 patients received a VRAM flap reconstruction for malignant, 10 patients for benign disease. The median age of patients was 62 years. 117 patients (61%) received a reconstruction of donor site by Vypro® mesh, 46 patients (24%) by Vicryl® mesh, 23 patients (12%) by direct closure and 6 patients (3%) by combination of different meshes. 32 patients (17%) developed in total 34 postoperative complications at the donor site. 22 complications (11%) were treated conservatively, 12 (6%) surgically. 17 patients (9%) developed incisional hernia during follow-up, with highest incidence in the Vicryl® group (n = 8; 17%) and lowest in the Vypro® group (n = 7; 6%). Postoperative parastomal hernias were found in 30 patients (16%) including three patients with simultaneous hernia around an urostomy and a colostomy. The highest incidence of parastomal hernia was found in patients receiving primary closure of the donor site (n = 6; 26%), the lowest incidence in the Vypro® group (n = 16; 14%). Conclusion The use of Vypro® mesh for donor site closure appears to be associated with a low postoperative incidence of complications and can therefore be recommended as a preferred technique.