Nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics and spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry

We study spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry in nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics. Using a first-order formulation of the latter proposed by Plebański, we apply a Dirac constraint analysis and derive an effective Hamiltonian. We show that there exists a large class of potentials for which the effective Hamiltonian is bounded from below, while at the same time possessing local minima in which the field strength acquires a nonzero vacuum expectation value, thereby breaking Lorentz invariance spontaneously. These possible vacua can be classified in four classes, depending on the way Lorentz symmetry is broken. We show that the small field fluctuations around these vacua involve modes for which the dynamics can develop degeneracies, resulting in shock-wave-like and/or superluminal motion. Finally, we study the physical applicability of these models, and show how the Lorentz breaking vacua might in principle be detected by coupling the model to a suitable external current, or to gravity.

Nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics influence on the spacetime structure and massive particles orbits properties in Einstein–Born–Infeld theory

In this paper, we studied how nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics can affect charged collapsar spacetime structure and properties of particles movement in this spacetime. Analysis of uncharged particle orbits stability shows that the main features of this orbit in Reissner–Nordström spacetime remains actual for Einstein–Born–Infeld theory. At the same time, there is a significant quantitative difference between stable orbits parameters in these theories and this fact may influence on accretion rate predictions for charged collapsar.