Hydroxo-Bridged Active Site of Flavodiiron NO Reductase Revealed by Spectroscopy and Computations

<p>NO and O₂ are detoxified in many organisms using flavodiiron proteins (FDPs). The exact coordination of the iron centre in the active site of these enzymes remains unclear despite numerous structural studies. Here, we used ⁵⁷Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) to probe the iron-ligand interactions in <i>Escherichia coli</i> FDP. This data combined with density functional theory (DFT) and ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy indicate that the oxidised form of FDP contains a dihydroxo-diferric Fe(III)–(µOH^–)₂–Fe(III) active site, while its reduction gives rise to a monohydroxo-diferrous Fe(II)–(µOH^–)–Fe(II) site upon elimination of one bridging OH^– ligand, thereby providing an open coordination site for NO binding. Prolonged NRVS data collection of the oxidised FDP resulted in photoreduction and formation of a partially reduced diiron center with two bridging hydroxyl ligands. These results have crucial implications for studying and understanding the mechanism of FDP as well as other non-haem diiron enzymes.</p>

Hydroxo-Bridged Active Site of Flavodiiron NO Reductase Revealed by Spectroscopy and Computations

<p>NO and O₂ are detoxified in many organisms using flavodiiron proteins (FDPs). The exact coordination of the iron centre in the active site of these enzymes remains unclear despite numerous structural studies. Here, we used ⁵⁷Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) to probe the iron-ligand interactions in <i>Escherichia coli</i> FDP. This data combined with density functional theory (DFT) and ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy indicate that the oxidised form of FDP contains a dihydroxo-diferric Fe(III)–(µOH^–)₂–Fe(III) active site, while its reduction gives rise to a monohydroxo-diferrous Fe(II)–(µOH^–)–Fe(II) site upon elimination of one bridging OH^– ligand, thereby providing an open coordination site for NO binding. Prolonged NRVS data collection of the oxidised FDP resulted in photoreduction and formation of a partially reduced diiron center with two bridging hydroxyl ligands. These results have crucial implications for studying and understanding the mechanism of FDP as well as other non-haem diiron enzymes.</p>

Insights from 125Te and 57Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy: a [4Fe–4Te] cluster from two points of view

Can sulfur-to-tellurium exchange serve as a method to understand iron–sulfur clusters of enzymatic systems?