Cusp cobordism group of Morse functions

By a Morse function on a compact manifold with boundary we mean a real-valued function without critical points near the boundary such that its critical points as well as the critical points of its restriction to the boundary are all nondegenerate. For such Morse functions, Saeki and Yamamoto have previously defined a certain notion of cusp cobordism, and computed the unoriented cusp cobordism group of Morse functions on surfaces. In this paper, we compute unoriented and oriented cusp cobordism groups of Morse functions on manifolds of any dimension by employing Levine’s cusp elimination technique as well as the complementary process of creating pairs of cusps along fold lines. We show that both groups are cyclic of order two in even dimensions, and cyclic of infinite order in odd dimensions. For Morse functions on surfaces our result yields an explicit description of Saeki–Yamamoto’s cobordism invariant which they constructed by means of the cohomology of the universal complex of singular fibers.

Deformations of circle-valued Morse functions on 2-torus

In this paper we give an algebraic description of fundamental groups of orbits of circle-valued Morse functions on T2 with respect to the action of the group of diffeomorphisms of T2

Local moves of the Stein factorization of the product map of two functions on a 3-manifold

We give some local moves of the Stein factorization of the product map of two Morse functions on a closed orientable smooth [Formula: see text]-manifold which can be realized by isotopies of the functions.

Properties of HYMNs in examples of four-color, five-color, and six-color adinkras

The mathematical concept of a “Banchoff index” associated with discrete Morse functions for oriented triangular meshes has been shown to correspond to the height assignments of nodes in adinkras. In recent work there has been introduced the concept of “Banchoff matrices” leading to HYMNs — height yielding matrix numbers. HYMNs map the shape of an adinkra to a set of eigenvalues derived from Banchoff matrices. In the context of some examples of four-color, minimal five-color, and minimal six-color adinkras, properties of the HYMNs are explored.