The genome sequence of the European peacock butterfly, Aglais io (Linnaeus, 1758)

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Aglais io (also known as Inachis io and Nymphalis io) (the European peacock; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae). The genome sequence is 384 megabases in span. The majority (99.91%) of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the Z sex chromosome assembled. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 11,420 protein coding genes.

ВИДИ ПІДРОДИНИ NIMPHALINAE В ЗООЛОГІЧНИХ КОЛЕКЦІЯХ ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ВОЛОДИМИРА ГНАТЮКА

The species diversity of the insects of Nimphalinae subfamily (Lepidoptera order), which are stored in the entomological collection of The Botany and Zoology Department of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University were studied. The insects were collected by the students during their teacher training and also by the amateur entomologists during 2000–2020. These insects are in the collections of The Botany and Zoology Department. The species composition of the collected insects was analyzed. There are 202 individuals of Nimphalinae subfamily. Identified insects belong to five genus (Vanessa, Inachis, Agаlis, Polygonia, Nymphalis). The largest number of individuals of this subfamily was calculated (Inachis io –75, Vanessa atalanta – 52, Cynthia cardui – 45). Also 13 individuals of Agаlis urticae and 12 individuals of Polygonia c-album were found. All species of Rhopalocera of European fauna are in The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Most of them are classified as Least Concern (LC). Widespread, numerous and common species of the Nimphalinae subfamily were found in the funds of The Botany and Zoology Department. Identified species belong to the LC category of The IUCN Red List. The Compton tortoiseshell (Nymphalis vaualbum) is included in The Red Data Book of Ukraine (2009). Its conservation status is invaluable. Nymphalis vaualbum was not found in the entomological collections of The Botany and Zoology Department of TNPU.

Thermal reaction norms for development and their photoperiodic modification in the Bryansk population of the european peacock butterfly Inachis io (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

The thermal reaction norms for development (TRN, i.e. the regression coefficient or thermal sensitivity coefficient, the lower developmental threshold and the sum of degree-days) were investigated at 4 temperatures (16, 18, 20 and 22 °C) and 3 photoperiods (18, 16 and 12 hours of light per day) in the Bryansk population of European Peacock butterfly Inachis io. Photoperiodic modification of TRN for caterpillars was found: while the length of the day decreased there was a gradual increase of a lower threshold (10.7, 11.3 and 12.4 °C at 18, 16 and 12 h, respectively) and the slope of the regression line of development rate on temperature to abscissa axis became steeper. This means that there is an increase of the thermal sensitivity of development. Under short-day conditions pupae were lighter than under long days in all temperature regimes. The pupal weight increased with increasing temperature under long- and under short-day conditions. The development of caterpillars is characterized by a lower thermal sensitivity than the development of pupae.