Factors Affecting Ex vitro Rooting in Micropropagated Shoots from Nodal Explants of Terminalia arjuna

The present work was done with the aim to study the effect of rooting mixture and incubation temperature on Ex vitro rooting of Terminalia arjuna, an important multipurpose tree. The nodal explant collected from Ummaid garden Jodhpur was subjected for In vitro shoot proliferation on BAP supplemented modified MS medium. These shoots were In vitro multiplied on BAP (half concentration of BAP used in In vitro shoot proliferation) with low concentration of NAA supplemented medium. The individual shoots from In vitro multiplied shoots were pulse treated with IBA for 10 min. and transferred in different rooting mixture and incubation temperature for Ex vitro rooting. Analysis of data revealed that maximum 62.22% rooting was observed when the plantlet pulse treated with 984.25 µM IBA for 10 min were transferred on bottle containing vermiculite as rooting mixture and incubated at the temperature of 26°C.The optimization of Ex vitro rooting mixture and temperature conditions will be helpful in propagation of this important species rapidly in large scale.

Does dikegulac affect in vitro shoot proliferation and hyperhydricity incidence in olive explants?

Dikegulac was tested as a lateral shoot-inducing agent on micropropagated olive (Olea europaea ‘Chondrolia Chalkidikis’) shoots. Rugini olive medium was supplemented with dikegulac at 0, 16.9, 33.8, 66.7, 100.5 or 133.4 μΜ. Dikegulac was not phytotoxic and the explants treated with 100.5 μΜ had higher number, length, and weight of new shoots. Hyperhydricity (or vitrification) symptoms were diminished by increasing dikegulac concentration in the medium dose (66.7–133.4 μΜ). Also, dikegulac stimulated the production of large amounts of callus at the base of olive explants.

PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO PISANG KEPOK var. UNTI SAYANG TAHAN PENYAKIT DARAH MELALUI PROLIFERASI TUNAS

In Vitro Propagation of Kepok Banana var. Unti Sayang Resistant to Blood Disease through Shoot ProliferationABSTRACTKepok is a popular banana variety but sensitive to blood disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith). The discovery of a natural mutant of Kepok banana var. Unti Sayang from Sulawesi which male bud falls naturally, is a shortcut to bypass the chains of the spread of blood disease, since the disease is transmitted by insects through the wounds of the male buds. The superior mutant needs to be mass propagated and disseminated to endemic areas to inhibit the spread of blood disease. To achieve that goal, an efficient and effective techniques of in vitro shoot proliferation needs to be developed. Shoot proliferation was performed by addition of BAP, thidiazuron and adenine sulphate. The results showed that the best medium for shoot multiplication was B2T5A (MS+2 mg/L BAP+0,5 mg/L TDZ+20 mg/L adenine sulphate), and for shoot growth was B4A (MS+4 mg/L BAP+20 mg/L adenine sulphate). Rooting was induced on MS medium without hormones. Acclimatization of plantlets on mixed soil, compost and husks with a ratio of 1:1:1 resulted in 92,35% survival rate.Keywords: blood disease, in vitro shoot, male budless, natural mutant, var. Unti Sayang ABSTRAKPisang kepok merupakan varietas yang digemari tetapi sangat peka terhadap penyakit darah yang ditimbulkan oleh bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith). Ditemukannya mutan alami pisang kepok yang jantungnya gugur secara alami yaitu varietas Unti Sayang dari Sulawesi, merupakan jalan pintas untuk memotong rantai penyebaran penyakit darah, mengingat penyakit ini ditularkan oleh serangga melalui luka bekas bunga jantan pada jantung. Mutan unggul tersebut perlu diperbanyak secara massal dan disebarluaskan ke daerah endemik untuk menghambat penyebaran penyakit darah. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, perlu dikembangkan teknik perbanyakan in vitro pisang kepok Unti Sayang yang efektif dan efisien melalui proliferasi tunas. Proliferasi tunas dilakukan dengan penambahan BAP, thidiazuron dan adenin sulfat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas adalah B2T5A (MS+2 mg/L BAP+0,5 mg/L TDZ+20 mg/L adenin sulfat), media terbaik untuk pertumbuhan tunas adalah B4A (MS+4 mg/L BAP+20 mg/L adenin sulfat). Akar dapat diinduksi pada media MS tanpa hormon. Aklimatisasi planlet pada media campuran tanah, kompos dan sekam dengan perbandingan 1:1:1 menghasilkan 92,35% planlet hidup.Kata Kunci: penyakit darah, tunas in vitro, tanpa jantung, mutan alami, var. Unti Sayang

Micropropagation protocol for the wild Brazilian greenberry (Rubus erythroclados)

This study presents the first micropropagation protocol for greenberry (Rubus erythroclados), a wild Brazilian species with edible green fruits. In the in vitro multiplication stage, three concentrations of benzyladenine (BA) were tested (0, 5 and 10 μM), combined with three concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) (0, 3 and 6 μM) in two subsequent subcultures. In the rooting stage, in and ex vitro rooting were compared after pulse treatment of the microcutting for 10 seconds in IBA (0, 2.46, 4.92 and 7.38 mM). For the in vitro trial, the microcuttings were maintained in glass bottles with an MS medium under controlled conditions inside a growth room. For the ex vitro trial, the microcuttings were planted in styrofoam containers with vermiculite and maintained inside a greenhouse with an intermittent mist system. R. erythroclados multiplication was obtained with the addition of BA to the culture medium, while IBA reduced the shoot proliferation and increased mortality. The ex vitro rooting showed the best results, reaching 95.8% for rooted and acclimatizated plants without IBA. An efficient and simple protocol can be used for R. erythroclados micropropagation with 5 μM BA for in vitro shoot proliferation and ex vitro rooting of microcuttings with intermittent misting.

Neem Oil Used as a “Complex Mixture” to Improve In Vitro Shoot Proliferation in Olive

Shoots of the olive cultivar Moraiolo were previously cultured in aseptic conditions on Olive Medium (OM), with the addition of 4 mg·L−1 of zeatin, 30 g·L−1 of sucrose, and 7 g·L−1 of agar. Then, 1-cm long uninodal explants with two leaves and two axillary buds were excised from the proliferated masses and placed on the same proliferation medium enriched with four concentrations of neem oil (0—control, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mL·L−1), added before sterilization. The addition of 0.1 mL·L−1 of neem oil to the medium gave an improvement in shoot regeneration. More vigorous shoots (longer proliferated shoots) were obtained along with a higher number of nodes (multiplication rate). Overall, there was a significant increase in the total fresh and dry proliferated weights. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing a strong and beneficial effect of neem oil, used as a “complex mixture,” on in vitro plant regeneration.