In vitro Plant Regeneration in Banana (Musa sp.) cv. Grand Nain

This study was conducted at the tissue culture laboratory in Pakistan. Suckers obtained from the banana cv. Grand Nain to explore the effects of different concentrations of BAP and IAA. After inoculation with Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and the Indole-3- acetic acid (IAA) the suckers first turn into the brown after 5-10 days then turned into a green mass-like structure after 30 days. From this mass-like structure shoots and roots were developed. Among the different concentrations, BAP 7.5 mg/l and IAA 0.5 mg/l showed the highest number of shoots 0.75, 2.75 and 6.25 per explant and shows the highest shoot lengths which 1.03 cm, 2.45 cm and 3.40 cm respectively. IAA is essential for only roots proliferation. The roots of different lengths were produced when the concentration of IAA 0.5 mg/l was used and 2.93 cm, 4.63 cm and 5.88 cm roots length produced at 15, 30 and 45 days after occultation respectively. Then these plants were transferred to the greenhouse for hardening acclimatization with the environment, the hardening process took place, and the established plantlets are ready for planting.

In vitro Micropropagation of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Derived from Cotyledon

A high frequency in vitro plant regeneration of pomegranate was established on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. As explant cotyledons were employed for this study. Ninety percent of the cultured explants responded to form shoots from 30 days old in vitro raised seedlings after 90 days of culture initiation in MS containing 1.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 mg/l NAA. The average number of shoots per explant was 10.0 ± 2.20, shoot length of 12.0 ± 2.40 cm, node per regenerated shoot was 9.0 ± 1.60 and the leaf number was14.0 ± 1.40. Well developed shoots were cultured on half strength of MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA, in which 90% shoot induced roots implanted after one month. The average number of root per shoot was 8.0 ± 0.90 and the average root length of 6.5 ± 0.40 cm was observed in this medium. Eighty percent plantlets were survived in the outdoor condition during the acclimatization period of seven days. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 61-69, 2021 (June)

In vitro plant regeneration system for date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.): effect of chelated iron sources

Background Iron chelate sources and their concentrations are important factors in in vitro propagation of date palm. This study’s objective was to investigate the effect of the iron chelated form on the growth and development of tissue cultures of Barhee cultivar. Results The addition of FeEDDHA to the culture medium was more effective than FeEDTA on callus growth, shoot regeneration, and the number of shoots per jar, where the best result (220.8mg callus, 86.67% and 17.2 shoots per jar, respectively) was obtained by using 93.5 mg L−1 FeEDDHA (5.6 mg L−1 Fe), compared with other treatments. The results also indicate that using 93.5 mg L−1 FeEDDHA (5.6 mg L−1 Fe) as a supplement can decrease antioxidant enzymes CAT and POD activity compared to the rest of the treatments. Medium equipped with 187.0 mg L−1 FeEDDHA (11.2 mg L−1Fe) had the highest rooting percentage and number of roots per shoot than other treatments. The biochemical analysis results showed that treatments with FeEDDHA of 280.5 mg L−1 (16.8 mg L−1 Fe) and 187.0 mg L−1 (11.2 mg L−1Fe) significantly increased the iron content. The results showed that shoot maximum chlorophyll and endogenous IAA level content were recorded in a medium supplemented with 187.0 mg L−1 FeEDDHA (11.2 mg L−1Fe) as Fe source. Conclusion FeEDDHA used in the present study was proven to be a promising iron chelate source in comparison with the FeEDTA sources.

In vitro plant regeneration of Christmas cactus (Schlumbergera truncata (Haw.) Moran) by indirect morphogenesis

Plants of Schlumbergera truncata (Haw.) Moran were obtained by indirect morphogenesis from the segment section of shoots in vitro, they were multiplied and rooted. Also were determined the effect of the lighting regime, the composition of the nutrient medium on the consistency and frequency of callus formation. The studies were conducted during 2016–2018. The mode of effective sterilization (more than 90%) of S. truncata plant explants using 0.1% HgCl2 for 7–8 min was established. Optimal conditions for the induction of callus formation in stem node segments of S. truncata plants (rate more than 90% and significant growth) were created on MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) nutrient medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 0.3 mg/l NAA (1-naphthylacetic acid) under conditions of placement on the nutrient medium and doing a significant number of cuts on the explants. The light intensity of 2.0–3.0 klx, obtained by a callus of dense consistency of dark green pigmentation, when using the thermostat condition without illumination, the callus had loose consistency, dark yellow pigmentation. It is established that the influence of the lighting regime and the composition of the nutrient medium on the frequency of callus formation is statistically significant. The largest number of shoots was obtained on the MS medium with the addition of 2.0 mg/l of BA. At the same times, shoot proliferation and root induction in such numbers were observed on MS culture medium with the addition of 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l kinetin (multiplication factor – 8.8±0.6 per 60-day cultivation cycle).