Abnormal myocardial performance index in M-mode color tissue Doppler-echocardiography

The myocardial performance index (MPI) is used for global systolic-diastolic left ventricular function and prognosis assessment in patients with heart disease, allowing assessment of the patient‘s current condition and disease development follow-up. The classic method of calculation is pulsed Doppler echocardiography. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation of myocardial performance index with established left ventricular systolic and diastolic function indices and to determine cut-off values of the myocardial performance index in M-mode color tissue Doppler echocardiography through the aortic and mitral valves predicting abnormal myocardial performance index by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. One hundred and fi ve subjects were studied, including 30 healthy controls, 45 hypertensive patients, and 30 patients with CHD. MPI was calculated using pulsed Doppler (MPIPW) and M-mode color tissue Doppler echocardiography through the aortic (MPIAO1 and MPIAO2) and mitral (MPIMV) valves. In all patients, the myocardial performance index showed a low to moderatenegative correlation with the left ventricular ejection fraction, and the correlation with the diastolic function indices was moderate to high. In healthy persons, the correlations were not signifi cant in almost all comparisons. The MPIAO1, MPIAO2,and MPIMV values predicting abnormal MPI by pulsed Doppler (MPIPW ≥ 0.50) are MPIAO1 ≥ 0.578, MPIAO2 ≥ 0.446, and MPIMV ≥ 0.552. The cut-off values of MPI by M-mode color tissue Doppler echocardiography through the aortic and mitral valve obtained can be used for global left ventricular function assessment in patients with heart disease. Further studies, on a larger number of patients, are necessary to estimate the predictive value of the parameters established.

43 Echocardiographical analysis of right ventricular function after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of tricuspid regurgitation

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a frequent valvular heart disease associated with increased mortality and morbidity. RV function is mostly assessed using tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), which shows merely systolic RV function and can be influenced by many other pathologies and image quality. Furthermore, the impact of dedicated percutaneous clip treatment of TR on RV global function and clinical outcomes are scarce. We aim to perform detailed echocardiographical global RV function analysis inclusively speckle tracking of RV before and after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of TR (TTVR). We evaluated 50 patients, who underwent between January 2017 to March 2018 TTVR in our center. Apical four chamber images were used to perform strain analysis of RV. The systolic velocity of free RV wall (S´ Vmax) was measured through PW doppler on lateral TV annulus in color tissue Doppler. RV myocardial performance index is a parameter for systolic as well as diastolic ventricle function and can be calculated using ratio between TV closure to opening time and RV ejection time (RVCOT-RVET/RVET), which can be assessed from PW Doppler of lateral TV annulus in color tissue Doppler. We retrospectively included 40 patients (73 ± 5.6 years, 32% female) with symptomatic (65% ascites, 95% edema, 100% NYHA > II) high grade functional TR at surgical high risk (EuroSCORE II: 7.6%). 95% of all interventions were successfully performed (TR reduction at least I grade). Our collective shows normal baseline left ventricle (LV) systolic function (Ejection fraction: 60.8 ± 4.6%) with diastolic LV dysfunction and increased LV end systolic pressure (E/E´ ratio: 17.7 ± 6.5). Baseline RV analysis presented impaired RV systolic function (TAPSE: 1.2 ± 3.2 cm, RV-FAC: 25.6 ± 9.8%, S´ Vmax: 5.6 ± 1.2cm/s) with decreased RV global longitudinal strain (RV-GLS: -8.9 ± 4.3). RV myocardial performance index (RV-MPI) was 0.51 ± 0.4 as a parameter for poor global RV function. Baseline echocardiography showed dilation of both atria (Left atrium: 80.5 ± 14.5ml, right atrium: 26.7 ± 7.8cm2) with pronounced right ventricle congestion (dilated vena cava inferior: 25.5 ± 3.4mm without breath modulation, paradoxical intraventricular septum motion, dilated RV: 57.7 ± 14.5cm2). All TR were high grade (PISA: 0.78 ± 0.3cm, VC width: 0.8 ± 0.2cm, EROA: 0.43 ± 0.1cm2, regurgitant volume: 67.1 ± 10.4ml) and functional with mostly anteroseptal (85%) coaptation defect (coaptation defect diameter: .5.7 ± 3.2mm). The right heart failure symptoms significantly improved three months after the procedure. Patients with severe right heart failure (TAPSE < 1cm) showed more often rehospitalization and limited improvements in symptoms (p = 0.02). RV function should be more comprehensively evaluated before interventional TR therapy. The patients with already preprocedural severe right heart failure should be more critically discussed. RV-GLS and RV-MPI are strongest independent parameter of clinical outcome after TTVR.