Solving Environmental Problems by Recycling the Cut Chalk To Lime in a Rotating Furnace

A technology of processing chalk from the Lebedinskoye deposit into high quality lime by roasting in a rotary kiln is proposed. A procedure has been developed for the thermodynamic calculation of the specific heat of decomposition of carbonates contained in chalk. The material and heat balances of the operating rotary kiln have been compiled. All the main parameters of its operation and the optimal fuel consumption for chalk processing have been determined.

Direct Reduction of Ferrous Oxides to form an Iron-Rich Alternative Charge Material

In this study, production of sponge iron by direct reduction of oxides and the effect of reductant on metallization were investigated. In the first stage of the study, scale formed during hot rolling of slabs was reduced in a rotating furnace using solid and gas reductants. Coal was used as solid reductant and hydrogen released from the combustion reaction of LNG was used as the gas one. The sponge iron produced by direct reduction was melted and solidified. In the second stage, Hematite ore in the form of pellets was reduced using solid carbon in a furnace heated up to 1,100°C for 60 and 120 minutes. Reduction degree of process was evaluated as a function of time and the ratio of C