Tapeworm Grillotia erinaceus (van Beneden, 1858) (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) Ultrastructural Organization of the Surface Tegument and Rhyncheal System: Introduction

The aim: to study the dynamics of histological and ultrastructural changes in muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia at different stages of ontogenesis. Methods. Studied skeletal muscles and their peripheral nervous apparatus of laboratory male Wistar rats aged 30 to 270 days. The restriction of motor activity was carried out in special canister cells for 30, 60, 90, and 240 days (5 animals for each term). To determine the type of muscle fiber, the Nahlas histochemical method was used, the Kulchitsky method was used to detect myelinated nerve fibers, the Bilshovsky-Gros method and the electron microscopic method to identify neuromuscular endings. Results. The data of histological and electron microscopic examination of skeletal muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia indicate their regular restructuring during the development of muscles, the formation of their synapses and structures that are associated with them at different stages of ontogenesis. Conclusion. The study provides an in-depth understanding of the relative frequency and nature of the disturbance of the neuromuscular endings during prolonged hypokinesia and its effect on the dynamics of structural adjustment of individual types of muscle fibers in ontogenesis.

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HISTOMETRIC AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVIMUSCULAR TERMINALS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES AT A HYPOKINESIA

PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Pulse ◽

10.21802/10.21802/2304-7437-2019-6(58)-55-63 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-63

Author(s):

Z. M. Yaschyshyn ◽

S. L. Popel

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscles ◽

Structural Adjustment ◽

Muscle Fibers ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Ultrastructural Organization ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Myelinated Nerve ◽

Male Wistar Rats

The aim: to study the dynamics of histological and ultrastructural changes in muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia at different stages of ontogenesis. Methods. Studied skeletal muscles and their peripheral nervous apparatus of laboratory male Wistar rats aged 30 to 270 days. The restriction of motor activity was carried out in special canister cells for 30, 60, 90, and 240 days (5 animals for each term). To determine the type of muscle fiber, the Nahlas histochemical method was used, the Kulchitsky method was used to detect myelinated nerve fibers, the Bilshovsky-Gros method and the electron microscopic method to identify neuromuscular endings. Results. The data of histological and electron microscopic examination of skeletal muscle fibers and their neuromuscular endings under conditions of prolonged hypokinesia indicate their regular restructuring during the development of muscles, the formation of their synapses and structures that are associated with them at different stages of ontogenesis. Conclusion. The study provides an in-depth understanding of the relative frequency and nature of the disturbance of the neuromuscular endings during prolonged hypokinesia and its effect on the dynamics of structural adjustment of individual types of muscle fibers in ontogenesis.

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Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12030231 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 231

Author(s):

Milos Sevarika ◽

Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi ◽

Roberto Romani

Keyword(s):

Ultrastructural Organization ◽

Antennal Sensilla ◽

Dryocosmus Kuriphilus ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Significant Damage ◽

Sensory Structures ◽

Host Plant Location ◽

Oviposition Sites ◽

Fine Morphology

Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a gall-inducing insect, which can cause significant damage on plants of the genus Castanea Mill., 1754. Antennae and ovipositor are the main sensory organs involved in the location of suitable oviposition sites. Antennal sensilla are involved in the host plant location, while ovipositor sensilla assess the suitability of the ovipositional bud. On both organs, diverse sensillar organs are present. Here, the distribution and ultrastructural organization of the sensilla were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The antennae of D. kuriphilus are filiform and composed of 14 antennomeres, with the distal flagellomere bearing the highest number of sensilla. On the antennae, 6 sensilla types were found; sensilla chaetica, campaniformia, coeloconica-I, coeloconica-II, trichoidea and placoidea. The sensilla placoidea and trichoidea were the most abundant types. On the external walls of the ovipositor, gustatory and mechanoreceptive sensilla were observed. Internally, the egg channel hosted two additional sensory structures. The putative functional role of each sensilla in the context of insect’s ecology is discussed as well as the ovipositional mechanism used by this insect.

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