Oligoclonal and Polyclonal Antibody Preparations

2014 ◽  
pp. 1289-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishab K. Gupta ◽  
Mark C. Glassy
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Antibody Preparations

scholarly journals 116 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin improves growth performance of beef cattle during the first fourteen days of the backgrounding phase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Tessa Schulmeister ◽  
Ana C G Luna ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on growth performance of beef cattle during the backgrounding phase. From d 0 to 56, Angus crossbreed heifers (n = 80; 360 ± 60 kg of BW; 470 ± 26 d of age) and steers (n = 20; 386 ± 65 kg of BW; 465 ± 30 d of age) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 16 concrete-floored pens (108 m2), equipped with 2 GrowSafe (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Airdrie, Alberta, Canada) feed bunks each. Animals received a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP per d. Feed intake was recorded daily and BW were obtained on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 42, 55, and 56, to assess changes in BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F. Based upon orthogonal contrasts (CON vs. PAP1, and PAP1 vs. PAP3), BW and ADG on d 14, and DMI from 0 to 28, and 0 to 42 were greater for PAP1 vs. CON (P ≤ 0.03), whereas PAP3 animals were intermediate (P ≥ 0.20). No differences in final BW, DMI, and ADG from d 0 to 56 were detected among treatments (P ≥ 0.22). In conclusion, feeding 1g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a backgrounding diet, improved growth performance in the first 14 d of feeding suggesting that feeding these PAP for longer than 14 d may not be necessary. The effects on subsequent feedlot performance when using PAP should be evaluated in future studies

scholarly journals PSXII-6 Supplementation of Angus crossbred steers with avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparations against the ruminal methanogen Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1 does not alter in vivo methane emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 447-448
Author(s):  
Mariana E Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Methanobrevibacter Ruminantium ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Antibody Preparations ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing twenty Angus crossbred steers with avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparations (PAP) against the ruminal methanogen Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1 on in vivo methane production, using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique (Johnson et al., 1994). Steers were fed chopped bermudagrass hay (BGH) ad libitum and 0.7 kg d-1 of corn gluten feed. The experiment followed a change-over design. Treatments were 1) supplementation of 3 mL d-1 of PAP against M. ruminantium M1 (PAP-M1), and 2) supplementation of 3 mL d-1 of a non-immunized egg product (CON). Individual BGH intake was recorded using an electronic radio-frequency monitoring system (GrowSafe System Ltd., Airdrie, Alberta, Canada). There was a 14-d adaptation period to the feeding regime, with no PAP supplementation, followed by an 18-d treatment period. Steers were dosed with brass permeation tubes with a known release rate of SF6 on d 7 of treatment period. Enteric methane emissions were sampled from d 13 to 18 of the treatment period, into N-rinsed pre-evacuated U-shaped polyvinyl chloride canisters (2 L) through a capillary tube. Methane emissions were averaged per animal within period. Data were analyzed as a change-over design using a model with fixed effects of order, period, and treatment and random effect of steer within order. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not different (P = 0.44) between treatments. Methane emissions, expressed as grams per day (P = 0.86), as grams per kilogram of DMI (P = 0.78), or in terms of methane emission factors (Ym, P = 0.78) were not different between PAP-M1 and CON treatments. Supplementation of steers with PAP against M. ruminantium M1 did not decrease enteric methane emissions. Based on preliminary ex situ trials, evaluation of different doses and combinations of PAP against other methanogenic species warrant further investigation.

Effects of adding polyclonal antibody preparations on ruminal fermentation patterns and digestibility of cows fed different energy sources1

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 3228-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Marino ◽  
W. G. Otero ◽  
P. H. M. Rodrigues ◽  
A. DiCostanzo ◽  
D. D. Millen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Antibody Preparations

scholarly journals 416 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin increase mean ruminal pH and reduce rectal temperature of beef steers during transition from forage to high-grain diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 167-168
Author(s):  
Gleise M Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Erick R S Santos ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on dry matter intake (DMI), mean ruminal pH (pH), and rectal temperature (RT) of beef steers during a 21-d step-up adaptation to a high-grain diet. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus crossbred beef steers (658 ± 79 kg of BW) were randomly assigned in a crossover design to be transitioned from a diet containing bermudagrass hay [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] ad libitum plus 0.45 kg/d of molasses with 0 (CON) or 3 g of PAP (PAP) to a high-grain diet. Transition consisted of three 7-d steps of increased inclusion of cracked corn (35, 60, and 80% of the diet DM for STEP1, STEP2, and STEP3, respectively). On each transition d and 7 d after STEP3 (STEP3-7d), ruminal pH and RT were measured every 3 h for 24 h and feed intake was recorded daily throughout the study using the GrowSafe feed intake monitoring system. Feed intake was not influenced by PAP on transition days (P ≥ 0.44) or during the wk each transition diet was offered (P ≥ 0.57). However, DMI linearly decreased, whereas RT increased from STEP1 to STEP3 (P < 0.01). Steers receiving PAP in STEP2 had reduced RT (P = 0.05). Additionally, steers receiving PAP on STEP3 had greater ruminal pH (P = 0.03), nevertheless, pH was similar between treatments in STEP3-7d (P = 0.39). Feeding 3 g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a 21-d step-up adaptation to high-grain diets may stabilize ruminal pH and reduce rectal temperature of beef steers. Future studies should characterize the effects of PAP on immune response to elucidate potential modes of action of these feed additives.

scholarly journals Localization of follicle regulatory protein in the porcine ovary.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fujimori ◽  
K E Rodgers ◽  
R M Nakamura ◽  
E Katt ◽  
D L Yanagihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Antibody Preparations

The granulosa cell secretes a protein (follicle regulatory protein: FRP) that affects the responsiveness of other follicles to gonadotropin stimulation. This protein was purified, partially characterized, and rabbit antisera as well as monoclonal antibodies were prepared against FRP. Fixed sections of porcine ovaries were prepared on slides and then incubated with the monoclonal antibody or polyclonal antisera and then incubated with either biotinylated mouse IgM or rabbit IgG antisera, respectively. These sections were then incubated with avidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, followed by substrate. Staining with both the monoclonal antibody and the antisera was present in the cytoplasm of granulosa cells of small- or medium-sized antral follicles. Staining distribution was localized preferentially to cells near the basal lamina; the antral granulosa cells of viable follicles did not stain. Neither primordial follicles nor pre-antral follicles (less than 300 microns in diameter) showed any positive staining. Thecal cells were not stained in follicles less than 5 mm in diameter, whereas some large follicles (greater than 5 mm) contained staining in the theca. In the latter, specific granulosa staining was only weakly positive with the polyclonal antibody and negative with the monoclonal antibody. Atretic follicles contained significant staining of all epithelial cells adjacent to the basal lamina by both the monoclonal and polyclonal antibody preparations. Staining of the luteal ovary by the monoclonal antibody was limited to the large luteal cells. These findings suggest that FRP is produced by the granulosa cells of porcine follicles at the stage of maturation corresponding to 0.5 mm in diameter. As the viable follicle increases in size, production of FRP in the granulosa is reduced below the detectable level when the follicle exceeds 5 mm in diameter. The main source of FRP during the luteal phase is the large cell of the corpus luteum.

scholarly journals 20 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin improves growth performance of beef cattle during the first fourteen days of the backgrounding phase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Tessa Schulmeister ◽  
Ana C G Luna ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on growth performance of beef cattle during the backgrounding phase. From d 0 to 56, Angus crossbreed heifers (n = 80; 360 ± 60 kg of BW; 470 ± 26 d of age) and steers (n = 20; 386 ± 65 kg of BW; 465 ± 30 d of age) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 16 concrete-floored pens (108 m2), equipped with 2 GrowSafe (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Airdrie, Alberta, Canada) feed bunks each. Animals received a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP per d. Feed intake was recorded daily and BW were obtained on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 42, 55, and 56, to assess changes in BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F. Based upon orthogonal contrasts (CON vs. PAP1, and PAP1 vs. PAP3), BW and ADG on d 14, and DMI from 0 to 28, and 0 to 42 were greater for PAP1 vs. CON (P ≤ 0.03), whereas PAP3 animals were intermediate (P ≥ 0.20). No differences in final BW, DMI, and ADG from d 0 to 56 were detected among treatments (P ≥ 0.22). In conclusion, feeding 1g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a backgrounding diet, improved growth performance in the first 14 d of feeding suggesting that feeding these PAP for longer than 14 d may not be necessary. The effects on subsequent feedlot performance when using PAP should be evaluated in future studies

scholarly journals Effects of feeding polyclonal antibody preparations on rumen fermentation patterns, performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers2

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 3023-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. DiLorenzo ◽  
C. R. Dahlen ◽  
F. Diez-Gonzalez ◽  
G. C. Lamb ◽  
J. E. Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Antibody Preparations

scholarly journals 184 President Oral Presentation Pick: Supplementation of Angus crossbred steers with avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparations against ruminal methanogenic Archaea alters ruminal fermentation and decreases ex situ methane production

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Mariana E Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
Martin Ruiz-Moreno ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
Sergio Roskopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing fourteen ruminally cannulated Angus crossbred steers with polyclonal antibody preparations (PAP) from avian origin against ruminal methanogens Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii Ho (PAP-Ho) and M. ruminantium M1 (PAP-M1). Steers were fed bermudagrass hay ad libitum and 2 kg d-1 of corn gluten feed. A randomized block design was used, with a 3 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement, replicated in three periods. Factors were proportions of PAP against Ho and M1 in the mixture (100:0, 50:50, and 0:100 Ho:M1) and level of supplementation of each mixture (3 or 6 mL d-1). Control steers had no PAP supplementation. Steers were adapted to the feeding regimen for 14 d, with no PAP supplementation, followed by a 21-d treatment period. Ruminal fluid (RF) from each steer (experimental unit) was collected before PAP supplementation (h 0) and every 4 h (for a 24-h period) on d 0, 14, and 21 of treatment period for the determination of ruminal fermentation profile. In addition, RF collected at h 0 was individually mixed with McDougall’s Buffer (1:3 ratio) to inoculate serum bottles and polycarbonate tubes for the determination of methane production and in vitro fermentation profile. Treatment means were evaluated by preplanned, non-orthogonal, single-degree-of-freedom contrasts. There was no effect (P ≥ 0.48) of level of inclusion on ex situ methane production (ESMP). When PAP-M1 was used either alone or in combination with PAP-Ho, ESMP decreased (P ≤ 0.05) compared to control. Ex situ ruminal fermentation profile was not different (P ≥ 0.12) across treatments. In vivo molar proportion of propionate tended to be greater (P = 0.10) with supplementation of PAP-M1, alone or combined, compared with control. Polyclonal antibody preparations against ruminal methanogens have the potential to decrease enteric methane emissions.

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