Arsenene Nanodots with Selective Killing Effects and their Low‐Dose Combination with ß‐Elemene for Cancer Therapy

Background: The use of chemotherapeutic drugs is restricted in the tumor-therapy because of the severely toxic and side effects among most important factors. The active herbal extracts are always used as a high dose while in the tumortherapy to achieve good anti-tumor effects. Hydrous icaritin has a high activity while there are few existing dosage forms as a result of low solubility in water and poor bioavailability. Results: The prepared hydrous icaritin nanorods (DP-HICT NRs) using mPEG2000-DSPE as a stabilizer, presented a narrow distribution of particle size with of 217 nm and a properly high drug-loading content of approximately 65.3±1.5%. A low dose of hydrous icaritin nano-formulation shows remarkable efficacy in cancer therapy (tumor inhibition rate: 61.36±10.80%) compared with the same dose of Paclitaxel injection (tumor inhibition rate: 66.80±4.43%), which approved as medicaments. Not only that, DP-HICT NRs can escape the clearance of the immune system and enhance targeting ability to the tumor site with only one excipient and such a low dose. Conclusions: This kind of nanoparticles contain a low dose of HICT used mPEG2000-DSPE as a stabilizer, while can achieve good tumor targeting as some active targeting agents and an anti-tumor effect as the PTX injection. There are broad prospects in drug safety, anti-tumor efficacy and even prognosis.

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Efficacy and tolerability of fixed, low-dose combination therapy with verapamil sustained-release and trandolapril in patients with mild to severe essential hypertension uncontrolled by monotherapy: an open-label, multicenter trial

Current Therapeutic Research ◽

10.1016/s0011-393x(01)80010-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 261-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamil Adalet ◽

Hüseyin Oflaz ◽

Alpay Sezer ◽

Kemalettin Büyüköztürk

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Sustained Release ◽

Low Dose ◽

Multicenter Trial ◽

Open Label ◽

Dose Combination

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Combination Therapy with an SGLT2 Inhibitor as Initial Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8010045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Tamara Y. Milder ◽

Sophie L. Stocker ◽

Christina Abdel Shaheed ◽

Lucy McGrath-Cadell ◽

Dorit Samocha-Bonet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Low Dose ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

High Dose ◽

Dose Combination ◽

Inhibitor Combination

Background: Guidelines differ with regard to indications for initial combination pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes. Aims: To compare the efficacy and safety of (i) sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor combination therapy in treatment-naïve type 2 diabetes adults; (ii) initial high and low dose SGLT2 inhibitor combination therapy. Methods: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of initial SGLT2 combination therapy. Mean difference (MD) for changes from baseline (HbA1c, weight, blood pressure) after 24–26 weeks of treatment and relative risks (RR, safety) were calculated using a random-effects model. Risk of bias and quality of evidence was assessed. Results: In 4 RCTs (n = 3749) there was moderate quality evidence that SGLT2 inhibitor/metformin combination therapy resulted in a greater reduction in HbA1c (MD (95% CI); −0.55% (−0.67, −0.43)) and weight (−2.00 kg (−2.34, −1.66)) compared with metformin monotherapy, and a greater reduction in HbA1c (−0.59% (−0.72, −0.46)) and weight (−0.57 kg (−0.89, −0.25)) compared with SGLT2 inhibitor monotherapy. The high dose SGLT2 inhibitor/metformin combination resulted in a similar HbA1c but greater weight reduction; −0.47 kg (−0.88, −0.06) than the low dose combination therapy. The RR of genital infection with combination therapy was 2.22 (95% CI 1.33, 3.72) and 0.69 (95% CI 0.50, 0.96) compared with metformin and SGLT2 inhibitor monotherapy, respectively. The RR of diarrhoea was 2.23 (95% CI 1.46, 3.40) with combination therapy compared with SGLT2 inhibitor monotherapy. Conclusions: Initial SGLT2 inhibitor/metformin combination therapy has glycaemic and weight benefits compared with either agent alone and appears relatively safe. High dose SGLT2 inhibitor/metformin combination therapy appears to have modest weight, but no glycaemic benefits compared with the low dose combination therapy.

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