Social relations in semi-free-ranging sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi coquereli) and the question of female dominance

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna S. Kubzdela ◽  
Alison F. Richard ◽  
Michael E. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Propithecus Verreauxi ◽  
Free Ranging

Establishment of a free-ranging colony of stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides): Social relations I

Primates ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Estrada ◽  
Rosamond Estrada ◽  
Frank Ervin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Macaca Arctoides ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Birth season glucocorticoids are related to the presence of infants in sifaka ( Propithecus verreauxi )

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1663) ◽  
pp. 1855-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane K. Brockman ◽  
Amy K. Cobden ◽  
Patricia L. Whitten
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Propithecus Verreauxi ◽  
Group Stability ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Plural Breeding

The responses of plural breeding mammals to environmental stressors are little understood in free-ranging populations, but recent studies of singular breeders suggest that ecological factors and social milieu influence the variable physiological stress responses observed among individuals. Our previous studies examining faecal glucocorticoid (fGC)–behaviour interactions in plural breeding male sifaka ( Propithecus verreauxi ) show that fGC elevations coincide with specific dispersal events, particularly the eviction of subordinates by resident alpha males. This study examined the utility of fGC assays for assessing the stress responses of male sifaka to demographic changes in the population during the birth season. Analyses were based on 889 faecal samples collected over five birth seasons from 124 adult males residing in 55 different groups at Beza Mahafaly, Madagascar. Results show that fGC levels in males are unrelated to age, residence, group stability or rank, but are significantly and positively correlated with the presence of infants, annual elevations in weekly mean fGC concentrations in males paralleling increasing numbers of infants born annually in the population. These data are the first to show that in seasonal plural breeding species such as sifaka, elevated fGC in males reflects specific events related to reproduction rather than states or social context during the birth season.

Social relations in a free-ranging troop of stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides): Male-care behaviour I

Primates ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Estrada ◽  
Juan M. Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Macaca Arctoides ◽  
Male Care ◽  
Free Ranging

Competition and the Exchange of Grooming Among Female Samango Monkeys (Cercopithecus Mitis Erythrarchus)

Behaviour ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Peter Henzi ◽  
Hallam Payne ◽  
Michael Lawes
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Contest Competition ◽  
Cercopithecus Mitis ◽  
Female Relationships ◽  
Biological Markets ◽  
Group Competition ◽  
Lower Ranking ◽  
Group Members

AbstractCurrent socioecological models argue that multi-female primate groups engaging in co-operative, between-group resource competition (BGC), should have egalitarian social relations that promote cohesion among group members, while those that experience strong within-group competition (WGC) should exhibit nepotistic and despotic social behaviour (van Schaik, 1989; Sterck et al., 1997). Here we investigate the idea that very slight WGC can have strong effects on social relationships, even in 'egalitarian' populations, and that individual responses to ecological conditions may vary among group members. We estimated the intensity of both BGC and WGC and used the Biological Markets model to examine their effects on female dominance and grooming distributions for a group of samango monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis erythrarchus) in a high-density, territorial population. We found high levels of territorial activity consistent with female resource defence, low levels of within-group aggression and only slight effects of contest competition on diet. Individual grooming bouts were reciprocal, with no effects of rank, demonstrating that grooming was not exchanged for feeding tolerance. However, in contrast to other C. mitis populations, female samangos maintained a consistent, linear dominance hierarchy that was reflected in the overall patterns of association and grooming, with high-ranking females receiving more grooming, and lower-ranking females were less likely to take part in territorial activity. Our results support the prediction of the current socioecological model that WGC effects on female relationships will always be greater than the cohesive effects of BGC (Wrangham, 1980; Cheney, 1992), and show that a simple 'egalitarian' description of C. mitis female relationships is insufficient.

AN EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE CONSISTENCY OF COMPETITIVE ABILITY AND AGONISTIC DOMINANCE IN DIFFERENT SOCIAL CONTEXTS IN CAPTIVE BONOBOS

Behaviour ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Van Elsacker ◽  
Hilde Vervaecke ◽  
Han De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Group Context ◽  
Captive Group ◽  
Dominance Relationships ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractBonobos have been described as a relatively egalitarian and female dominant species. The exact nature and quality of their dominance relationships and the existence of female dominance are current topics of dispute. We investigated the consistency across social contexts, the stability in time, and the degree of expression of the competitive feeding ability and agonistic dominance in a captive group of bonobos. First, we examined whether the competitive feeding ranks and agonistic ranks differed in different dyadic contexts, triadic contexts and the whole group context. For some pairs of animals the dominance relationships with respect to competitive feeding altered with different group compositions. The agonistic dominance relationships changed accordingly. The competitive feeding ranks and agonistic ranks in the experiments correlated strongly with each other. The alpha position was occupied by a female, but not all females outranked all males. We suggest that females can profit from each others presence to gain inter-sexual dominance. Second, although the agonistic rank order in the whole group remained the same over at least five years, some dyadic competitive feeding ranks changed over time, resulting in a stronger female intersexual dominance. Third, the degree of expression of the behaviors used to quantify dyadic competitive and agonistic dominance was not high, in line with the popular 'egalitarian' epithet. Notwithstanding its low consistency across contexts, the dominance hierarchy in the whole group has a strong predictive value for other social relationships such as grooming. Given this strong effect of rank on other behaviours and given the strong dependency of rank on social context, the choice of the right party members may be a crucial factor in the fission-fusion processes of free-ranging bonobos.

Influence of reproductive season and rank on fecal glucocorticoid levels in free-ranging male Verreaux's sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi)

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fichtel ◽  
Cornelia Kraus ◽  
André Ganswindt ◽  
Michael Heistermann
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Propithecus Verreauxi ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Fecal Glucocorticoid

The SRM Approach to Family Assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Cook
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Assessment ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Direction Of Effects

Abstract. In family systems, it is possible for one to put oneself at risk by eliciting aversive, high-risk behaviors from others ( Cook, Kenny, & Goldstein, 1991 ). Consequently, it is desirable that family assessments should clarify the direction of effects when evaluating family dynamics. In this paper a new method of family assessment will be presented that identifies bidirectional influence processes in family relationships. Based on the Social Relations Model (SRM: Kenny & La Voie, 1984 ), the SRM Family Assessment provides information about the give and take of family dynamics at three levels of analysis: group, individual, and dyad. The method will be briefly illustrated by the assessment of a family from the PIER Program, a randomized clinical trial of an intervention to prevent the onset of psychosis in high-risk young people.

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