Cell-type-specific regulation of RNA polymerase I transcription: a new frontier

BioEssays ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Polymerase I

The yeast alpha 2 protein can repress transcription by RNA polymerases I and II but not III

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4029-4038
Author(s):  
B M Herschbach ◽  
A D Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii Transcription

The alpha 2 protein of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae normally represses a set of cell-type-specific genes (the a-specific genes) that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. In this study, we determined whether alpha 2 can affect transcription by other RNA polymerases. We find that alpha 2 can repress transcription by RNA polymerase I but not by RNA polymerase III. Additional experiments indicate that alpha 2 represses RNA polymerase I transcription through the same pathway that it uses to repress RNA polymerase II transcription. These results implicate conserved components of the transcription machinery as mediators of alpha 2 repression and exclude several alternate models.

scholarly journals The yeast alpha 2 protein can repress transcription by RNA polymerases I and II but not III.

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4029-4038 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M Herschbach ◽  
A D Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii Transcription

The alpha 2 protein of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae normally represses a set of cell-type-specific genes (the a-specific genes) that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. In this study, we determined whether alpha 2 can affect transcription by other RNA polymerases. We find that alpha 2 can repress transcription by RNA polymerase I but not by RNA polymerase III. Additional experiments indicate that alpha 2 represses RNA polymerase I transcription through the same pathway that it uses to repress RNA polymerase II transcription. These results implicate conserved components of the transcription machinery as mediators of alpha 2 repression and exclude several alternate models.

scholarly journals RNA polymerase II pausing as a context-dependent reader of the genome

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Scheidegger ◽  
Sergei Nechaev
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Pol Ii ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Pol Ii Pausing ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Specific Regulation

The RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcribes all mRNA genes in eukaryotes and is among the most highly regulated enzymes in the cell. The classic model of mRNA gene regulation involves recruitment of the RNA polymerase to gene promoters in response to environmental signals. Higher eukaryotes have an additional ability to generate multiple cell types. This extra level of regulation enables each cell to interpret the same genome by committing to one of the many possible transcription programs and executing it in a precise and robust manner. Whereas multiple mechanisms are implicated in cell type-specific transcriptional regulation, how one genome can give rise to distinct transcriptional programs and what mechanisms activate and maintain the appropriate program in each cell remains unclear. This review focuses on the process of promoter-proximal Pol II pausing during early transcription elongation as a key step in context-dependent interpretation of the metazoan genome. We highlight aspects of promoter-proximal Pol II pausing, including its interplay with epigenetic mechanisms, that may enable cell type-specific regulation, and emphasize some of the pertinent questions that remain unanswered and open for investigation.

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