ChemInform Abstract: Determination of the Activity Coefficients in the Chromatographic "Binary Solutions" Model.

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. KOWALSKA
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Binary Solutions

NaCl and CaCl2 activity coefficients in mixed aqueous solutions

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Moore ◽  
James W. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Osmotic Coefficients ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Glass Electrode ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Harned's Rule ◽  
Potentiometric Measurement

In the investigation of numerous physiological phenomena it is the activity of an ion species which is desired, rather than stoichiometric concentration. The calculation of mean ionic activity from known concentration data requires accurate activity coefficients (ggr). This report concerns the determination of ggrNaCl and ggrCaCl2 in mixed NaCl-CaCl2 solutions by potentiometric measurement with a sodium-selective glass electrode-Ag/AgCl electrode system over the ionic strength range 0.05–0.5 m. Log ggrNaCl varied linearly, at constant total ionic strength, with the ionic strength of CaCl2 in the mixture, in accordance with Harned's rule. From data thus obtained, ggrCaCl2 coefficients in such mixed solutions have been calculated and compared with values calculated from published osmotic data. Resulting activity coefficient curves for ggrCaCl2 are presented over the concentration range encountered in serum and other extracellular fluids. Note: (With the Technical Assistance of Leonard Kaye and Leonard L. Anderson) glass electrodes; ion interaction; electrolyte metabolism; Harned's rule; membrane transport; osmotic coefficients Submitted on March 11, 1965

Limiting activity coefficients in dilute solutions of nonelectrolytes. II. Determination for polar–nonpolar and polar–polar binary mixtures, and the application of some solubility-parameter treatments

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shapour Afrashtehfar ◽  
Genille C. B. Cave
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Solubility Parameter ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Dipole Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Binary Solutions ◽  
Polar Components ◽  
Induced Dipole

Activity coefficients were determined at 293.15 K for the more dilute component in 24 binary solutions of nonelectrolytes, by gas-chromatographic analysis of the equilibrium vapor phase. One component of the binary mixture was either nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, ethanenitrile, propanenitrile, ethyl ethanoate, or butyl ethanoate; and the other component was either heptane, 1-heptene, or 1,6-heptadiene.From the limiting activity coefficients of these components, some factors that affected their magnitude were identified. The values were also used to test the modifications of Prausnitz, Blanks, and Weimer, of Helpinstill and Van Winkle, and of Keller, Karger, and Snyder to the Scatchard–Hildebrand equation modified to accommodate polar components. In addition, the degree of constancy of the ratio of the dipole – induced dipole interaction parameter for a series of solutes in one solvent to that in another was considered.

Isopiestic Determination of Activity Coefficients of LiCl and CaCl2 in LiCl-CaCl2-H2O System at 298.15K

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Guang-Ming ◽  
◽  
Yao Yan ◽  
Wang Feng-Qin ◽  
Wang Rui-Ling
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Determination Of Activity
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