Prefrontal cortex afferents to the anterior temporal lobe in theMacaca fascicularismonkey

What mechanisms support our ability to estimate durations on the order of minutes? Behavioral studies in humans have shown that changes in contextual features lead to overestimation of past durations. Based on evidence that the medial temporal lobes and prefrontal cortex represent contextual features, we related the degree of fMRI pattern change in these regions with people's subsequent duration estimates. After listening to a radio story in the scanner, participants were asked how much time had elapsed between pairs of clips from the story. Our ROI analysis found that the neural pattern distance between two clips at encoding was correlated with duration estimates in the right entorhinal cortex and right pars orbitalis. Moreover, a whole-brain searchlight analysis revealed a cluster spanning the right anterior temporal lobe. Our findings provide convergent support for the hypothesis that retrospective time judgments are driven by 'drift' in contextual representations supported by these regions.

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Neural pattern change during encoding of a narrative predicts retrospective duration estimates

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.16070 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Olga Lositsky ◽

Janice Chen ◽

Daniel Toker ◽

Christopher J Honey ◽

Michael Shvartsman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Entorhinal Cortex ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Medial Temporal Lobes ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽

Temporal Lobes ◽

Contextual Features ◽

Pattern Change ◽

Behavioral Studies ◽

The Right

What mechanisms support our ability to estimate durations on the order of minutes? Behavioral studies in humans have shown that changes in contextual features lead to overestimation of past durations. Based on evidence that the medial temporal lobes and prefrontal cortex represent contextual features, we related the degree of fMRI pattern change in these regions with people’s subsequent duration estimates. After listening to a radio story in the scanner, participants were asked how much time had elapsed between pairs of clips from the story. Our ROI analyses found that duration estimates were correlated with the neural pattern distance between two clips at encoding in the right entorhinal cortex. Moreover, whole-brain searchlight analyses revealed a cluster spanning the right anterior temporal lobe. Our findings provide convergent support for the hypothesis that retrospective time judgments are driven by 'drift' in contextual representations supported by these regions.

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Evaluative vs. trait representation in intergroup social judgments: Distinct roles of anterior temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex

Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (14) ◽

pp. 3600-3611 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Sam J. Gilbert ◽

Jillian K. Swencionis ◽

David M. Amodio

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Social Judgments ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe

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Convolutional neural networks reveal topic-level representations of sentences in medial prefrontal cortex, lateral anterior temporal lobe, precuneus, and angular gyrus

10.31234/osf.io/xe3vs ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Acunzo ◽

Daniel Mark Low ◽

scott fairhall

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Angular Gyrus ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽

Semantic Categories ◽

Word Level ◽

Sentence Level ◽

Final Layer

When reading a sentence, individual words can be combined to create more complex meaning. In this study, we sought to uncover brain regions that reflect the representation of meaning at the sentence level, as opposed to only the meaning of their individual constituent words. Using fMRI, we recorded the neural activity of participants while reading sentences. We constructed sentence topic-level representations using the final layer of a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained to classify Wikipedia sentences into broad semantic categories. This model was contrasted with word-level sentence representations constructed using the average of the word embeddings constituting the sentence. Using representational similarity analysis, we found that the medial prefrontal cortex, lateral anterior temporal lobe, precuneus, and angular gyrus more strongly represent sentence topic-level, compared to word-level, meaning, uncovering the important role of these semantic system regions in the representation of integrated meaning. Conversely, these results validate the capacity of CNNs to capture human sentence-level representations.

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Distinctive responses in anterior temporal lobe and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during categorization of semantic information

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92726-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Atsushi Matsumoto ◽

Takahiro Soshi ◽

Norio Fujimaki ◽

Aya S. Ihara

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Marine Mammals ◽

Semantic Information ◽

Category Membership ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽

Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Semantic Categorization ◽

Target Words

AbstractSemantic categorization is a fundamental ability in language as well as in interaction with the environment. However, it is unclear what cognitive and neural basis generates this flexible and context dependent categorization of semantic information. We performed behavioral and fMRI experiments with a semantic priming paradigm to clarify this. Participants conducted semantic decision tasks in which a prime word preceded target words, using names of animals (mammals, birds, or fish). We focused on the categorization of unique marine mammals, having characteristics of both mammals and fish. Behavioral experiments indicated that marine mammals were semantically closer to fish than terrestrial mammals, inconsistent with the category membership. The fMRI results showed that the left anterior temporal lobe was sensitive to the semantic distance between prime and target words rather than category membership, while the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex was sensitive to the consistency of category membership of word pairs. We interpreted these results as evidence of existence of dual processes for semantic categorization. The combination of bottom-up processing based on semantic characteristics in the left anterior temporal lobe and top-down processing based on task and/or context specific information in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is required for the flexible categorization of semantic information.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Impaired familiarity with preserved recollection after anterior temporal-lobe resection that spares the hippocampus.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1091350.545784 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Howard Eichenbaum

Keyword(s):

Temporal Lobe ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽

Temporal Lobe Resection

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Anterior temporal lobe connectivity correlates with functional outcome after aphasic stroke.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.2102957.1696055 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Jean-Francois Demonet

Keyword(s):

Functional Outcome ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe

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Cerebral trauma-induced dyschromatopsia in the left hemifield: case presentation

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-020-01800-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yoko Mase ◽

Yoshitsugu Matsui ◽

Eriko Uchiyama ◽

Hisashi Matsubara ◽

Masahiko Sugimoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Color Vision ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Fusiform Gyrus ◽

Ganglion Cell Complex ◽

Automated Perimetry ◽

Subjective Symptoms ◽

Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Cerebral Trauma

Abstract Background Acquired color anomalies caused by cerebral trauma are classified as either achromatopsias or dyschromatopsias (Zeki, Brain 113:1721–1777, 1990). The three main brain regions stimulated by color are V1, the lingual gyrus, which was designated as human V4 (hV4), and the fusiform gyrus, designated as V4α. (Zeki, Brain 113:1721–1777, 1990). An acquired cerebral color anomaly is often accompanied by visual field loss (hemi- and quadrantanopia), facial agnosia, prosopagnosia, visual agnosia, and anosognosia depending on the underlying pathology (Bartels and Zeki, Eur J Neurosci 12:172–193, 2000), (Meadows, Brain 97:615–632, 1974), (Pearman et al., Ann Neurol 5:253–261, 1979). The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of a patient who developed dyschromatopsia following a traumatic injury to her brain. Case presentation The patient was a 24-year-old woman who had a contusion to her right anterior temporal lobe. After the injury, she noticed color distortion and that blue objects appeared green in the left half of the visual field. Although conventional color vision tests did not detect any color vision abnormalities, short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) showed a decrease in sensitivity consistent with a left hemi-dyschromatopsia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected abnormalities in the right fusiform gyrus, a part of the anterior temporal lobe. At follow-up 14 months later, subjective symptoms had disappeared, but the SWAP abnormalities persisted and a thinning of the sectorial ganglion cell complex (GCC) was detected. Conclusion The results indicate that although the subjective symptoms resolved early, a reduced sensitivity of SWAP remained and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed GCC thinning. We conclude that local abnormalities in the anterior section of fusiform gyrus can cause mild cerebral dyschromatopsia without other symptoms. These findings indicate that it is important to listen to the symptoms of the patient and perform appropriate tests including the SWAP and OCT at the early stage to objectively prove the presence of acquired cerebral color anomaly.

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